我国地方人大常委会规范性文件备案审查制度探析

发布时间：2018-03-29 04:13

本文选题：规范性文件　切入点：备案　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国宪法规定中华人民共和国的一切权利属于人民,人民代表大会制度是我国根本的政治制度。人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人大和地方各级人大。人大监督是中国社会主义监督体系的重要组成部分。在发展有中国特色社会主义民主政治进程中,加强对权力特别是对行政、司法等公权力的制约和监督,已成为我们党和国家在构建和谐社会建设中政权面临的一个重要课题。加强人大的监督职能是坚持和完善人民代表大会制度和发展社会主义民主的必然要求,也是树立宪法权威、维护法制统一的关键。随着我国人民代表大会制度的建立和逐步发展完善,我国的《宪法》、《组织法》、《立法法》等法律法规的不断出台、更新,特别是随着《中华人民共和国各级人民代表大会常务委员会监督法》的出台,我国权力机关对规范性文件的备案审查制度得以确立并取得了一定的成效。在我国,规范性文件是指那些由国家机关制定的不属于立法,但又具有普遍约束力的能够反复适用的文件,其有广义、狭义之分。规范性文件备案审查是地方各级人大常委会依法行使法律监督的重要方式,是维护社会主义法制统一的重要措施。我国监督法专设一章对规范性文件备案审查作了规定,其中对于法律性规范性文件的备案、审查和撤销,依照立法法的有关规定办理,对于非法律性规范性文件的审查、撤销程序,由省、自治区、直辖市的人大常委会参照立法法的有关规定,作出具体规定。它标志着地方人大常委会规范性文件备案审查制度的正式确立,为地方人大常委会对规范性文件进行备案审查提供了直接的法律依据。目前,各级地方人大常委会在《监督法》的授权下,基本上都开展了规范性文件备案审查工作,制定了相关的规章制度,对这一工作做了一些有益的探索和实践。但是,这项工作在现实中也出现了一些难题：比如规范性文件的范围界定不清、规范性文件备案审查的程序不明确、没有罚则规定等。本文拟围绕这些问题,结合各地实际,通过分析实证研究法、比较研究法、价值分析法、案例分析法等研究方法,从我国人民代表大会制度入手,简要介绍了我国各级人大及其常委会享有的法定监督职权,对我国实行规范性文件备案审查制度的意义和该制度的特点作了概述,并详细说明了我国规范性文件备案审查制度的历史沿革及其法律属性。然后具体就规范性文件的概念和范围、备案审查的主要标准、启动审查的方式、审查工作的机构和职权、审查处理的程序和手段、罚则的制定等方面问题,作了深入研究和探析,并提出了相关的完善建议。
[Abstract]:Our Constitution stipulates that all the rights of the people's Republic of China belong to the people, The people's Congress system is the fundamental political system of our country. The organ of people's exercising state power is the national people's Congress and the local people's Congress at all levels. The people's Congress supervision is an important part of china's socialist supervisory system. In the process of socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, Strengthening the restriction and supervision of power, especially administrative, judicial and other public powers, It has become an important task for our party and state to build a harmonious society. Strengthening the supervisory function of the people's Congress is an inevitable requirement for upholding and perfecting the system of people's congresses and developing socialist democracy. It is also the key to establishing the authority of the Constitution and safeguarding the unity of the legal system. With the establishment and gradual development and improvement of the system of the people's Congress of China, the laws and regulations of China's "Constitution", "Organic Law", "Legislative Law", etc., have been continuously promulgated and updated. Especially with the promulgation of the Law on Supervision of the standing Committees of the people's congresses at all levels of the people's Republic of China, the system of filing and examination of normative documents by the organs of power in our country has been established and has achieved certain results. In our country, normative documents refer to those documents that are not legislated, but are generally binding and can be applied repeatedly by state organs. The examination of the filing of normative documents is an important way for the standing committees of local people's congresses at all levels to exercise legal supervision according to law. It is an important measure to safeguard the unity of the socialist legal system. China's Supervision Law has set up a chapter to provide for the filing and examination of normative documents, in which the filing, examination and revocation of legal normative documents shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Legislative Law. With regard to the examination and revocation of non-legal normative documents, the standing Committee of the people's Congress of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall refer to the relevant provisions of the legislation Law, It marks the formal establishment of the system of filing and examining the normative documents of the standing Committee of the local people's Congress, and provides a direct legal basis for the standing Committee of the local people's Congress to conduct a record examination of the normative documents. At present, Under the authorization of the "Supervision Law," the standing committees of local people's congresses at all levels have basically carried out the work of filing and examining normative documents, formulated relevant rules and regulations, and made some useful explorations and practices on this work. However, there are also some difficulties in this work in reality: for example, the scope of normative documents is not clearly defined, the procedures for filing and reviewing normative documents are not clear, and there are no provisions on penalties. By analyzing the empirical research method, the comparative research method, the value analysis method, the case analysis method and so on, starting with the system of the people's Congress of our country, this paper briefly introduces the statutory supervisory powers of the people's congresses at all levels and their standing committees. This paper summarizes the significance and characteristics of implementing the system of filing and examining normative documents in China. Then it explains the concept and scope of normative documents, the main standards of filing and examination, the way to initiate the examination, the organization and authority of the examination work, and explains in detail the historical evolution and legal attributes of the system of filing and examination of normative documents in China. This paper makes an in-depth study and analysis of the procedures and means of examination and handling, the formulation of penalty provisions, and puts forward some relevant suggestions for perfection.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D921.11;D920.0

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