孔子法律思想与新农村法治建设研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 01:01

本文选题：孔子　切入点：法律思想　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在世界人类文明发展史上,唯一没有中断过的古代文明就是以孔子的儒家思想作为基础的中华文明。孔子的法律思想经过漫长的岁月,无数的曲折与坎坷,慢慢的融入人们的社会生活中,其思想与价值观已经成为中华民族精神的重要组成因素,它倡导“仁爱”坚持“克已复礼”要求“为政以德”,主张“和谐”与“无讼”。两千多年来,这些思想一直居于统治思想,影响着人们在社会生活中的方方面面。并且对现代法治社会建设有着深刻的影响,尤其是对我国社会主义法治新农村的建设,影响更是不容忽视。孔子的法律思想主要是主张用“德治”来实现道德上的统一,运用儒家经典来制定和阐释相关的法律规则。这也就自然形成了一种现象,即在我国古代,人们普遍认为道德大过于法律,是一种远远高于国家法律的特殊存在。即便如此,我们也一样可以通过辩证分析的方法得出这样一个结论：孔子的法律思想作为中国法系存在的主体,仍然是具有众多积极向上并且合理的因素存在,这就更加需要我们以传统作为依托,通过借鉴传统的经验与教训,吸取国外法律文化中先进的合理的精华部分,同时有针对性和批判性地继承我国本身法律传统中的积极向上的部分,来共同为建设具有现代中国特色的社会主义法治服务。我国是一个农业人口大国,农村人口占了总人口的七成多。这就必然使得我国法治建设的重点设定在农村,同样的难点也在农村。党的十七届三中全会中明确提出：“加强农村民主法治建设、基层组织建设、社会管理任务繁重”。从这句话中我们可以看出,社会主义法治新农村建设是一种必然,而加快新农村法治建设进程也是势在必行。众所周知,目前我国农村的法治建设工作在我国现阶段社会转型的特殊时期里面临着诸多难题,这就迫切需要我们掌控整体着眼局部,寻找出农村法治建设所存在的障碍性因素以及对这些障碍困境的解决对策,为社会主义法治新农村的又好又快发展提供服务和保障。一个民族存在、发展与进步的基础就在于这个民族的法治基础,也是这个民族的灵魂所在。本文仅以建设社会主义法治新农村作为剖析面,以孔子的法律思想作为基点,通过对孔子法律思想的产生背景、丰富内涵及其社会意义的探析,来说明孔子法律思想对我国传统的法理制度的价值,以及对当前社会主义现代化法治建设的意义与价值,从而激发起人们对孔子法律思想的重视。
[Abstract]:In the history of the development of human civilization in the world, the only ancient civilization that has not been interrupted is the Chinese civilization, which is based on Confucius' Confucian thought. After a long period of time, Confucius' legal thought has experienced numerous twists and turns and ups and downs. Slowly integrating into people's social life, their thoughts and values have become an important component of the Chinese national spirit. It advocates "benevolence" and insists on "the rule of virtue" and the idea of "harmony" and "no litigation". For more than two thousand years, these thoughts have been living in the ruling ideology. It has a profound influence on the construction of a modern legal society, especially on the construction of a new socialist countryside ruled by law, which can not be ignored. Confucius' legal thought mainly advocated that "rule of virtue" should be used to achieve moral unity, and the Confucian classics should be used to formulate and explain the relevant legal rules. This naturally formed a phenomenon, that is, in ancient China, It is generally accepted that morality is greater than law and is a special being far above national law. We can also draw such a conclusion by dialectical analysis: as the main body of Chinese legal system, Confucius' legal thought still has many positive and reasonable factors. It is even more necessary for us to rely on tradition and learn from the traditional experience and lessons, and draw on the advanced and reasonable essence of foreign legal culture. At the same time, it inherits the positive part of China's own legal tradition in order to serve the construction of socialist rule of law with modern Chinese characteristics. China is a country with a large agricultural population, and the rural population accounts for more than 70% of the total population. The same difficulties are also found in rural areas. In the third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee, it was clearly pointed out: "strengthening the construction of democracy and the rule of law in rural areas, building grass-roots organizations, and carrying out heavy social management tasks." from this we can see that. The construction of a new socialist countryside ruled by law is inevitable, and it is imperative to speed up the process of building a new rural rule of law. At present, the construction of the rule of law in rural areas in our country is facing many difficulties in the special period of social transformation at the present stage of our country, which urgently requires us to control the whole and focus on the local. To find out the obstacle factors in the construction of the rural rule of law and the solutions to these obstacles and dilemmas, to provide services and guarantees for the good and rapid development of the new socialist countryside ruled by law. The foundation of development and progress lies in the rule of law of the nation and the soul of the nation. This paper only takes the construction of a new socialist countryside under the rule of law as the analytical plane and Confucius' legal thought as the basic point. Through the analysis of the background of Confucius' legal thought and its rich connotation and social significance, this paper explains the value of Confucius' legal thought to the traditional legal system of our country, as well as the significance and value of the current socialist modernization of the rule of law. In order to stimulate people to pay attention to Confucius' legal thought.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D909.2;D920.0

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