突尼斯个人身份法改革研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 13:27

本文选题：突尼斯 + 妇女地位　；参考：《湘潭大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：突尼斯1956年《个人身份法》是突尼斯独立后颁布的第一部关于公民权利保护的法律,也是一部由妇女自己参与制定的法律,该法律的颁布旨在保护妇女权利,改变妇女地位长期落后的状况,妇女解放的核心理念贯穿始终。实践证明,《个人身份法》的颁布,对突尼斯妇女地位的改变有着举足轻重的意义并取得了良好的效果。本文拟分为三部分,各部分的主要内容如下: 第一部分为背景分析与思想源流介绍。这一部分笔者将介绍突尼斯个人身份法改革时北非地区的社会、政治、历史大背景和突尼斯本国的政治、社会背景,说明身份法改革的历史必然性和原因。随着社会的发展,非洲国家逐渐觉醒,民族独立后通过社会变革和法律变革改变妇女地位,平等的保护妇女权利的工作如火如荼的展开。其中,突尼斯个人身份法改革宣扬了女性权益保护的进步思潮并促成1956年《个人身份法》的颁布,其身份法改革走在伊斯兰国家的前列,也走在非洲国家的前列,这一改革有着举足轻重的意义。第二部分主要介绍法典颁布及其内容和特点。这一部分介绍个人身份法的主要内容,法律的制定主体和数次的修改完善以及该法的特点。该法制定主体是突尼斯本国的女性主义者和妇女代表,法律制定后根据社会的变化随时增益完善,主要内容涉及婚姻、家庭、继承等方面,笔者将通过重点法条解读介绍该法进步和创新的内容。本法主要特点体现为:(1)学习保护国法国的先进立法技术,以国情为基本,对伊斯兰传统教义注入新的血液,融会贯通,经世治国;(2)强调妇女地位的法律保护和提升妇女地位。第三部分是改革的影响和评价。首先,突尼斯个人身份法改革对本国的影响表现为对妇女地位的影响和国家发展的影响。其次,也对其他国家产生了一定影响。对伊斯兰国家的影响体现在为伊斯兰世界各个国家的婚姻、家庭、继承等方面的法律改革提供了经验;对非伊斯兰国家而言,则是国家如何在妇女解放进程中充分利用公权力的支持和有效发挥女性组织的积极作用提供了参照。该部分笔者还将简要评价个人身份法改革的可取之处与不足。
[Abstract]:The Tunisian personal status Code of 1956 was the first law on the protection of civil rights since independence in Tunisia and a law enacted with the participation of women themselves, which was enacted to protect women's rights. Change the status of women long-term backward situation, women's emancipation throughout the core concept throughout. It has been proved that the promulgation of the personal status Code is of great importance to the change of the status of Tunisian women and has achieved good results. This paper is divided into three parts. The main contents of each part are as follows: The first part is the background analysis and the introduction of thought source. In this part, the author will introduce the social, political and historical background of the reform of personal identity law in Tunisia and the political and social background of Tunisia, and explain the historical inevitability and reasons of the reform of identity law. With the development of society, African countries gradually awaken. After national independence, the status of women is changed through social and legal changes, and the work of equal protection of women's rights is in full swing. Among them, the reform of Tunisian personal status law promoted the progressive trend of thought of protecting the rights and interests of women and led to the promulgation of the 1956 personal status Law. The reform of the personal status Law of Tunisia was in the forefront of Islamic countries and also in the forefront of African countries. This reform is of great significance. The second part mainly introduces the promulgation of the Code and its content and characteristics. This part introduces the main contents of the personal identity law, the subject of making the law, several amendments and perfection, and the characteristics of the law. The main body of this law is the feminists and women representatives of Tunisia. After the enactment of the law, it has been improved at any time according to the changes in society. The main contents of the law are marriage, family, inheritance and so on. The author will introduce the content of the progress and innovation of the law through the interpretation of key articles of law. The main features of this Law are as follows: (1) studying the advanced legislative techniques of France, the protectorate, taking the national conditions as the basis, injecting new blood into the traditional Islamic doctrine, integrating knowledge, governing the state of the world)) emphasizing the legal protection of the status of women and the promotion of the status of women. The third part is the impact and evaluation of the reform. First, the impact of the reform of Tunisian personal status law on the status of women and national development. Second, it also has an impact on other countries. The impact on Islamic countries is reflected in the experience of law reform in marriage, family, inheritance and so on in various countries of the Islamic world; for non-Islamic countries, It provides a reference for the government to make full use of the public power and to give full play to the positive role of women's organizations in the process of women's liberation. The author will also briefly evaluate the merits and shortcomings of personal identity law reform.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D941.4;DD912.1

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