论当前中国法律移植的困境

发布时间：2018-04-26 09:12

本文选题：法律移植困境 + 移植主体　；参考：《江西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近三十多年来,中华人民共和国颁布了大量的法律条文,其中有一大部分内容借鉴或援引了其他国家、地区和国际组织的法规。当前的法学理论界公认这一现象和过程为法律移植。事实上,法律移植极大地丰富了我国现今成文法体系。但是我国法律移植也存在大量的问题。其中,某些问题直接导致我国法律移植进入困境状态:立法者和某些社会阶层在大规模立法过程中,某项法律移植行为可能产生两个完全相悖的结果,法律移植因而变得进退两难。通常,国内外许多关于法律移植问题研究的理论依据主要来源于西方比较法学家的理性主义或社会学家们的经验主义,这两种理论框架都过分关注什么是法律的问题,并不能完整解释法律移植的困境。针对我国法律移植中这个特殊问题,本文则尝试以构成法律移植三个基本因素及其它们内在的关系为逻辑起点,探究法律移植困境的含义、表现、产生的原因及其出路,最终构建解释法律移植困境的逻辑体系和理论框架。本文第一章尝试叙述国内外法律移植理论发展,一方面为分析当前中国法律移植困境提供理论背景,另一方面尝试揭示当前法律移植理论中理性主义、经验主义、和实用主义的一些缺陷,寻求解释法律移植问题更为合理的理论框架。本文第二部分提出了这样一些看法:一,法律移植过程中存在的问题实质是移植的主体、客体、实践过程这三个基本因素间相互对立的关系;二,法律移植困境则是法律移植过程中一个特殊问题,即同一种法律移植行为产生两个或两个以上相悖的结果;三,法律移植的表现是法律移植困境内在对抗关系的外化;四,法律移植困境内在对抗关系依托社会实践在经济、政治、和社会文化领域具体表现。第三部章文章论述了我国当前法律移植原因以及出路。本文认为法律移植内部三个基本因素中主体意识决定法律移植的客体作用和移植过程和方式。由于主体意识受实践理性或工具理性的影响,主体产生剧烈的分化,主体需求也因此变得不一致、对立、对抗、甚至相悖。最终,法律移植内部关系也因为主体的分化而相互对抗。这就是法律移植形成的根本原因。因此,本文提出法律移植困境的出路在于促进移植主体间的交往和商谈,消除移植主体间需求的差异性,统一法律移植内部三元素间的对抗关系。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, the people's Republic of China has promulgated a large number of legal provisions, among which a large part of the content of reference or reference to the laws of other countries, regions and international organizations. The current legal theory circle recognizes this phenomenon and the process as the law transplant. In fact, the transplantation of laws has greatly enriched our country's current statutory system. However, there are also a large number of problems in legal transplantation in China. Among them, some problems directly lead to the difficult situation of law transplantation in our country: legislators and some social strata in the process of large-scale legislation, a certain act of law transplantation may produce two completely contradictory results. The transplantation of laws has thus become a dilemma. Usually, the theoretical basis of many domestic and foreign researches on legal transplantation mainly comes from the rationalism of western comparative jurists or the empiricism of sociologists. These two theoretical frameworks pay too much attention to the question of what is law. It does not fully explain the dilemma of legal transplantation. In view of this special problem in the legal transplantation of our country, this paper attempts to take the three basic factors of legal transplantation and other internal relations as the logical starting point to explore the meaning, expression, causes and outlet of the predicament of legal transplantation. Finally, it constructs the logical system and theoretical framework to explain the dilemma of legal transplantation. The first chapter tries to describe the development of the domestic and foreign legal transplantation theory, on the one hand, it provides the theoretical background for the analysis of the dilemma of the legal transplantation in China, on the other hand, it tries to reveal the rationalism and empiricism in the current legal transplant theory. And some shortcomings of pragmatism, seeking a more reasonable theoretical framework to explain the problem of legal transplantation. The second part of this paper puts forward some views: first, the problem in the process of legal transplantation is the relationship between the three basic factors: the subject, the object and the process of practice. The dilemma of legal transplantation is a special problem in the process of legal transplantation, that is, the same act of legal transplantation produces two or more contradictory results; third, the manifestation of legal transplantation is the externalization of the inherent antagonistic relationship of the dilemma of legal transplantation; fourth, The dilemma of legal transplantation is based on social practice in the fields of economy, politics and social culture. The third chapter discusses the reason and outlet of the current legal transplantation in China. This paper holds that the subjective consciousness determines the object function, the process and the mode of legal transplantation. Because the subjective consciousness is influenced by the practical reason or the instrumental reason, the subject produces violent differentiation, and the subject demand becomes inconsistent, antagonistic, antagonistic and even contradictory. Finally, the internal relationship of legal transplantation also confronts each other because of the division of the subject. This is the fundamental reason for the formation of law transplantation. Therefore, the way out of the dilemma of legal transplantation lies in promoting the communication and negotiation among the transplant subjects, eliminating the differences in the needs of the transplant subjects, and unifying the antagonistic relations among the three elements in the legal transplantation.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

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