民国时期银行金融风险防范的法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 02:32

本文选题：民国 + 银行法　；参考：《山西大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：银行作为市场经济的金融单位,其经营活动中,总是伴随着各种各样的风险。承担风险并获得收益,看似简单的经济关系也是银行业经营的关键问题,所以对于银行来说防范金融风险尤为重要,因为这不仅关系到某个银行的存亡,更加关系到一个国家,甚至是国际社会经济的状况。本文以历史研究为主线,以中国近代银行制度为出发点,以历史唯物主义的科学角度探究民国时期银行法律制度,并以此作为基础,对民国时期银行业金融风险的法律防范做一个历史性的考察,并以史为鉴,以期提炼出一些对我国当代银行金融风险法律防范的有益思考。本文主体共分为六大部分,第一部分是本文的引言部分,介绍了部分法律史学者对于近代中国银行业及银行金融风险防范法律制度的理论观点和研究成果,简要的概述了中国近代银行业的起源,并引出民国时期银行业取得较大发展,银行法律法规的建设也取得前所未有的成绩,并提出了研究民国时期银行业金融风险防范的意义所在,即希望总结历史,服务今朝。第二部分把民国时期分为不同的时间段,即南京临时政府时期、北洋政府时期和南京国民政府时期,先后介绍了这三个时期银行业的发展情势和关于银行业的立法状况,并指出民国时期是银行理论和立法的大发展时期,特别是南京国民政府系列的立法活动,开创了中国第一次银行立法的高潮时期,其中许多有关防范金融风险的法律制度,对于屡受金融危机侵袭的当今时代仍然具有重大的借鉴和指导意义。本章进一步分析了民国时期金融风险的种类,并指出了银行业金融风险的客观性和普遍性,即使是今天的银行业,也仍然面临着这些金融风险。第三部分较为详细的阐述民国时期银行业防范金融风险的内控制度,及从银行业内部的组织架构、人事制度、财务管理、业务制度等视角,论述银行业内部控制制度,其中,银行业内部组织制度又细分为银行本身组织制度和以银行为基本单位的银行组织的结构,如“分支行”,并进一步指出银行业内部控制对于预防金融风险的重要性。第四部分从银行业外部着手,着重论述了民国时期银行业的外部监管机制及相关的法律规范。本章主要阐释了两大部分,其一为政府对于银行业的监管,包括行业准入限制和业务范围管控,其二为银行业公会实施的监管,包括对银行行为的限制和保护。第五部分提出民国时期银行金融风险防范的法律制度对于当今市场经济体制下的启示。本章内容又分为两个部分,分别从银行业内部体制的完善和外部监管体制的建设两个方面,提出作者对于当今市场经济体制下,银行防范金融风险的法制思考。第六部分是结语部分总结全文,指出当今银行业防范金融风险的法律制度建设,可参照民国时期银行防范金融风险的法律制度,以期以史为鉴,更好地服务当今社会。
[Abstract]:As a financial unit of market economy , the bank is always accompanied by a variety of risks in its business activities . It is especially important for banks to guard against financial risks . It is especially important for banks to guard against financial risks , which is not only related to the existence of a certain bank , but also to a country , even the state of the international socio - economy .

This paper takes historical research as the main line , based on the modern banking system of China , probes into the legal system of the Republic of China during the period of the Republic of China from the scientific angle of historical materialism , and makes a historic investigation on the legal prevention of the banking financial risk in the Republic of China during the period of the Republic of China .

The main body of this paper is divided into six parts , the first part is the introduction part of this paper , introduces some legal scholars ' theoretical viewpoints and research results of the modern Chinese banking and banking financial risk prevention legal system , summarizes the origin of the modern banking industry in China and leads to the unprecedented achievement of the construction of the banking industry laws and regulations in the Republic of China , and puts forward the significance of the prevention of the banking financial risk in the period of the Republic of China .

In the second part , the period of the Republic of China is divided into different periods , namely , the period of Nanjing Temporary Government , the period of the Beiyang Government and the period of the Nanjing National Government , the development situation of the banking industry in the three periods and the legislative status of the banking industry are introduced .

In the third part , the internal control system of banking prevention financial risk in the Republic of China is described in detail , and the internal control system of banking is discussed from the perspective of organization structure , personnel system , financial management and business system inside the banking industry .

The fourth part focuses on the external supervision mechanism and relevant legal norm of the banking in the Republic of China from the outside of the banking industry . This chapter mainly explains two parts , one of which is the government ' s supervision on the banking industry , including the industry admittance restriction and the business scope control , the second is the supervision of the implementation of the banking industry , including the restriction and protection of the bank ' s behavior .

The fifth part puts forward the enlightenment of the legal system of the bank ' s financial risk prevention in the period of the Republic of China on the current market economy system . The contents of this chapter are divided into two parts : the perfection of the internal system of the banking system and the construction of the external supervision system , and the author puts forward the author ' s thinking on the legal system of preventing financial risk under the present market economy system .

The sixth part is the conclusion of concluding remarks and points out that the construction of the legal system of preventing financial risk in banking industry can reference the legal system of preventing financial risk in the period of the Republic of China , with a view to taking the history as the history and better serving the society today .

【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258;D929

【参考文献】