美国刑法中的警察圈套辩护及其借鉴

发布时间：2018-09-09 12:20

【摘要】：目前，警察圈套在我国司法实践中被大量的使用。与其他侦破手段相比，警察圈套的优势是更容易取得直接的犯罪证据，提高相关部门的工作效率。但是在这种无可比拟的优势下，却潜藏着许多问题，其弊端日益暴露出来。在我国的法律体系中,至今仍然没有形成针对警察圈套的法律法规。从警察圈套抗辩事由这一方面制定相关的法律法规,是希望能够完善被告人事后的救济制度。警察圈套抗辩事由指的是落入警察圈套的被告人以落入警察圈套为由展开的辩护，抗辩事由在认定落入警察圈套的被告人有罪与否,罪轻与否,起到了关键的作用。如果法律上明确的规定警察圈套的抗辩制度，并规定了具备可行性的细则，那么被告人在实践中就就有法可依，而且更具操作性。制定事后的救济制度，就是为了保证警察圈套这种侦查行为的优势能够发挥出来，同时，在最大程度上减少其带来的负面作用，体现我国对人权保障的重视。首先介绍的是美国的警察圈套的相关内容。包括了定义、特征、以及警察圈套在刑法中的意义等方面，使读者大概了解了美国的警察圈套。其次，主要介绍了美国警察辩护事由的成立标准，美国警察圈套的抗辩都是围绕着成立标准进行的，采用什么样的成立标准进行判断，就直接决定着被告人抗辩是否能够成功，所以这一部分是美国关于警察圈套抗辩最重要因素。着重介绍分析其抗辩事由，对我国法律规定警察圈套抗辩这一方面是很有帮助的。最后，是对我国警察圈套抗辩制度的建构。在这一部分中，，首先分析了警察圈套抗辩在我国适用的必要性和意义，这是建立适合我国的警察圈套抗辩制度的前提条件。在此基础上结合我国的实际情况，建立警察圈套的抗辩制度体系：确定警察圈套基本的内容（定义释义、适用范围和类型，成立要件等）、建立适用我国的辩护的成立标准、规定抗辩成立主体的刑事责任等等。
[Abstract]:At present, police trap is widely used in judicial practice in our country. Compared with other detection methods, the advantage of police trap is that it is easier to obtain direct evidence of crime and improve the efficiency of relevant departments. But in this kind of unparalleled superiority, but latent many problems, its malpractice is exposed day by day. In our country's legal system, there are still no laws and regulations for police trap. It is hoped that the relief system of the defendant can be perfected by making relevant laws and regulations from the police entrapment defense. The defense of police entrapment refers to the defense of the defendant who falls into the police trap on the grounds of falling into the police trap. The defense reason plays a key role in determining whether the defendant who falls into the police trap is guilty or not and whether the crime is misdemeanor or not. If the law explicitly stipulates the defense system of the police trap and the detailed rules with feasibility, then the defendant will have the law to abide by in practice, and it will be more operable. The purpose of setting up the relief system after the event is to ensure that the advantages of police entrapment can be brought into play, at the same time, to minimize its negative effects, and to reflect the importance our country attaches to the protection of human rights. First of all, it introduces the relevant contents of the police trap in the United States. Including the definition, characteristics, and the meaning of police trap in criminal law, so that the reader may understand the police trap in the United States. Secondly, it mainly introduces the establishment standard of American police defense. The defense of American police trap is carried out around the standard of establishment. What kind of standard is used to judge, which directly determines whether the defendant's defense can be successful or not. So this part is the most important factor about the police trap defense in the United States. It is very helpful to introduce and analyze the defense reasons of police entrapment in our country. Finally, the construction of police entrapment defense system in China. In this part, the author first analyzes the necessity and significance of the application of police entrapment defense in our country, which is the precondition of establishing the police trap defense system suitable for our country. On this basis, combining with the actual situation of our country, the defense system of police trap is established: the basic content of police trap (definition, scope and type of application, the elements of establishment, etc.), the establishment standard of defense applicable to our country, etc. Stipulate the criminal responsibility of the subject of the establishment of the defense and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D971.2;DD914

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