杨兆龙司法思想述评

发布时间：2018-09-17 13:21

【摘要】：杨兆龙作为民国时期法学界的翘楚，先后就读于燕京大学、东吴大学、美国哈佛大学、德国柏林大学，接受过优良的中国传统文化和近现代法学教育，深谙英美法与大陆法的精髓。杨兆龙先后做过大学教授、律师、法官、司法行政官、检察官等，为人正直公道，刚正不阿，始终保持知识分子独立的人格。他法学理论知识精深，法律实践经验丰富，学贯中西，熟稔法务。他师从美国社会法学泰斗庞德，在庞德担任民国政府法制顾问期间，与庞德一起共事并辅助其进行战后中国的法制改革。杨兆龙深受社会法学思想的影响，他立足当时中国的基本国情，对诸多具体的司法问题例如巡回审判制度、陪审制度、民事小标的诉讼制度、三审制度，狱政改革问题，检察制度的存废，司法人才的培养等提出了改革和完善的建议，颇具建设性，在当时作出了重大的历史贡献，保护民众的权利。虽然囿于当时社会条件和时代背景的限制，杨兆龙的司法思想不可避免地存在着一定的历史局限性，但时至今日，他关于司法建设与改革的方法论和研究问题的治学态度仍应值得我们加以重视，关于巡回审判制度、民事小标的诉讼制度和司法人才培养等问题的思想仍给当下的中国司法改革以启示。当前中国正处于社会变革与转型的新时期，社会新问题涌现，，新矛盾尖锐，司法改革是中国法治建设的重要组成部分，合理借鉴杨兆龙的司法思想以进一步深化和完善司法改革，推动中国法治建设的进程。本文主要从五个方面对上述问题进行论述。第一章介绍杨兆龙的生平；第二章介绍杨兆龙司法思想的渊源，介绍了美国社会法学家庞德的社会法学思想对中国近代法制以及杨兆龙司法思想的影响；第三章着重梳理了杨兆龙的司法思想，主要包括诉讼程序改革、狱政改革、检察制度存废以及司法人才的培养；第四章从历史贡献和历史局限性两个方面对杨兆龙的司法思想进行评价；第五章论述杨兆龙司法思想的现实作用，包含司法改革需立足国情、开阔的比较法视野和对当前司法改革的启示三个方面。
[Abstract]:Yang Zhaolong, a leading legal scholar in the Republic of China, studied in Yanjing University, Soochow University, Harvard University in the United States and Berlin University in Germany. He received excellent Chinese traditional culture and modern law education. Understand the essence of Anglo-American law and continental law. Yang Zhaolong has been a university professor, lawyer, judge, magistrate, prosecutor, etc. He has profound knowledge of legal theory, rich experience in legal practice, learning Chinese and Western, familiar with legal affairs. He studied as a master of American social law and worked with pound as a legal adviser to the Republic of China and assisted him in the legal reform of postwar China. Yang Zhaolong was deeply influenced by the thought of social law. Based on the basic conditions of China at that time, he dealt with many specific judicial issues such as the itinerant trial system, the jury system, the civil minor litigation system, the third instance system, and the reform of the prison administration. The existence and abolition of the procuratorial system and the cultivation of judicial talents have put forward some suggestions for reform and perfection, which have made a great contribution to the history at that time and protected the rights of the people. Although limited by the social conditions and the background of the times, Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought inevitably has some historical limitations, but to this day, His academic attitude on the methodology of judicial construction and reform and research issues should still deserve our attention. The thought of civil minor target litigation system and judicial personnel training still enlightens the current judicial reform in China. At present, China is in a new period of social transformation and transformation. New social problems have emerged and new contradictions are sharp. Judicial reform is an important part of the construction of the rule of law in China. We should learn from Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought to deepen and perfect judicial reform and promote the construction of Chinese rule of law. This paper mainly discusses the above problems from five aspects. The first chapter introduces the life of Yang Zhaolong, the second chapter introduces the origin of Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought, and introduces the influence of American social jurist pound's social law thought on Chinese modern legal system and Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought. The third chapter mainly combs Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought, mainly includes the lawsuit procedure reform, the prison administration reform, the procuratorial system existence and the abolishment as well as the judicial talented person's cultivation; The fourth chapter evaluates Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought from two aspects of historical contribution and historical limitation, the fifth chapter discusses the realistic function of Yang Zhaolong's judicial thought, including the judicial reform should be based on the national conditions. A broad perspective of comparative law and three aspects of enlightenment to the current judicial reform.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D909.2

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