市民社会语境下中国法治的建构

发布时间：2018-10-18 12:04

【摘要】：从西方法治的发展轨迹来看,先进的法治思想、法治观念以及法律制度来源于市民社会长期的培育和发展,市民社会是法治的基础。中国的法治在建构过程中,不断地学习和借鉴西方先进的法律制度和思想,但是由于市民社会的培育不足,导致了法治的根基薄弱,无法从根本上进一步促进法治的发展和完善。因此,培育中国的市民社会,促进国家与社会的良性互动,才能为我国的法治建构提供有力的基础保障。市民社会是一个历史范畴,在不同的时期有不同的含义、特点。一般来说,市民社会是与政治国家相对应的一个范畴,它的目的是依靠社会力量来制约国家权力,保障市民权利的实现,进而有利于社会与国家形成良性互动关系,促进法治的生成和发展。中国曾出现过市民社会的萌芽,但由于经济、政治、思想文化等因素的制约,扼杀了市民社会的进一步发展。随着新中国的成立,市场经济的繁荣,市民社会理论所蕴含的契约化、分权、多元化等特征,符合人们的利益要求,因此得到重视和发展。但是市民社会的培育是一个长期的系统过程,我们必须在借鉴西方成功经验的基础上,研究在我国特殊的社会环境下培育真正适合中国的市民社会,为我国的法治建构和发展提供有效的基础和保障。培育中国的市民社会,必须深化经济体制改革,市场经济的稳定和繁荣,是市民社会存在和发展的基础和保障。具体来说,要进一步开放市场;降低政府对经济的直接干预;发展市场经济所需要的理性规制;加快城镇化进程等等。与此同时,必须深化政治体制改革,转变政府职能,帮助和指导市民组织的独立发展,促进国家与社会的良性互动。最重要的是,培育现代市民意识,特别是主体意识、责任意识和权利意识。树立法治至上的法律信仰,发挥主体在制度建设和社会发展中的能动作用,根据市民法治意识的特点和发展要求,逐步培育和树立全体公民的现代法治意识。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the development track of the western rule of law, the advanced ideas of rule of law, the concept of the rule of law and the legal system come from the long-term cultivation and development of civil society, which is the foundation of the rule of law. In the process of constructing the rule of law in China, we constantly learn and learn from the advanced western legal systems and ideas. However, due to the insufficient cultivation of civil society, the foundation of the rule of law is weak. Can not fundamentally further promote the development and improvement of the rule of law. Therefore, only by fostering the civil society in China and promoting the benign interaction between the state and the society can we provide a strong foundation for the construction of the rule of law in our country. Civil society is a historical category with different meanings and characteristics in different periods. Generally speaking, the civil society is a category corresponding to the political state. Its purpose is to restrict the power of the state and guarantee the realization of the rights of the citizens by relying on the social forces, which is conducive to the formation of a positive interaction between the society and the state. To promote the formation and development of the rule of law. The germination of civil society appeared in China, but because of the restriction of economy, politics, ideology and culture, the further development of civil society was strangled. With the establishment of new China, the prosperity of market economy, the characteristics of contract, decentralization and pluralism contained in the theory of civil society, it is in line with the interests of people, so it has been attached importance to and developed. However, the cultivation of civil society is a long-term systematic process. We must learn from the successful experience of the West and study how to cultivate a civil society that is really suitable for China under the special social environment of our country. It provides an effective foundation and guarantee for the construction and development of the rule of law in our country. To cultivate the civil society in China, we must deepen the reform of the economic system, and the stability and prosperity of the market economy are the basis and guarantee for the existence and development of the civil society. Specifically, we should further open the market; reduce the direct government intervention in the economy; develop the market economy needs rational regulation; speed up the process of urbanization, and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen the reform of political system, transform the functions of government, help and guide the independent development of civic organizations, and promote the benign interaction between the state and society. The most important thing is to cultivate modern citizen consciousness, especially subject consciousness, responsibility consciousness and right consciousness. It is necessary to establish the legal belief that the rule of law is supreme, give play to the active role of the subject in the system construction and social development, and gradually cultivate and establish the modern legal consciousness of all citizens according to the characteristics and development requirements of citizens' awareness of the rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：淮北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

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