警察胜任力模型建构与培养策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 22:03

本文选题：胜任力 + 警察胜任力　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：警察院校培养的学生毕业入警后应能尽快适应警务实战部门工作岗位的综合能力要求才可以正确履行岗位职责,但实际上警察院校并没有将警察胜任岗位工作的综合能力设定为在校学生的能力培养目标,这也是现实中警察院校人才培养质量与警务实战部门具体要求有较大差距的原因所在。根据胜任力模型理论可以得知胜任岗位工作的所有能力集合体被称为胜任力模型,胜任力模型是有效完成特定工作所需的知识、技能和个性特质的综合体,可通过教育和培训的途径对其进行开发。所以本研究试图通过建构警察胜任力模型及其指标体系来为警察院校人才培养提供理论支撑。本文共分为五部分,首先论述了研究的背景、现状、理论依据,然后基于此展开警察胜任力现状调查、警察胜任力模型建构、警察胜任力指标体系分析及警察胜任力培养策略的研究。第一章,“引论”。从现代警察职能转变、警察院校人才培养、警察胜任力现状三个角度提出警察胜任力培养的重要意义,接着以“警察胜任力”和“警察(胜任力)培养”为主题对国内外文献进行综合分析,得出由“一般能力与特殊技能”、“人格特质”、“政治素养”等要素组成的“警察胜任力要素框架表”。第二章,研究的理论依据。分别从胜任力模型理论、目标课程理论和职业生涯理论的角度分析三大理论的主要内容及其对警察胜任力培养的应用价值。其中胜任力模型理论不仅对警察胜任力模型理论建构的过程和方法有较大的参考价值,还对警察胜任力培养有间接地指导作用。第三章,警察胜任力现状调查。本调查包括“调查设计”、“调查实施”、“调查结果分析”三部分。在“调查设计”部分主要对调查目的、调查对象、调查内容及维度和调查过程四个方面进行介绍,“调查实施”以湖南省长沙市九个行政区(含芙蓉区、天心区、岳麓区、开福区、雨花区、望城区、长沙县、宁乡县、浏阳市)的基层警察为调查对象,首先通过行为事件访谈调查获取警察胜任力指标名称,然后用量表测量警察胜任力指标所属维度,并将所获得的警察胜任力维度及其指标进行整理,制作警察胜任力现状试调查量表,试调查后计算胜任力分辨力值,将分辨力值得分高的警察胜任力项目汇总成警察胜任力现状正式调查量表,最后通过量表问卷调查的结果进行主成分分析获取警察胜任力模型。第四章,警察胜任力模型分析。警察胜任力模型呈现出五维立体结构模型,从模型的核心内隐层到外显层分别为：“个性特质”、“身体健康”、“政治素养”、“专业知识”、“业务技能”。“个性特质”维度处于胜任力模型的核心内隐层,其指标包含“社会外向性”、“待人随和”、“意志力”、“情绪稳定”；“身体健康”维度处于模型的次内隐层,包含“体能适应性”、“耐力持久”、“强健体质”指标；这两个维度的指标虽不易于测量,但却是警察职业稳定和正常履职的前提。“政治素养维度”的“政治鉴别力”、“团结协作”、“理想信念”、“道德情操”、“革命人生观”、“服从安排并与人沟通”、“责任心”类指标是警察存在的职业价值体现,专业知识类指标包括横向知识“面”(哲学、社会科学、自然科学、人文艺术)和纵向知识“层”(专业基础、专业理论、专业拓展知识)。业务技能类指标体现在“看、听、问、想、做”五个方面,其中“看”、“听”与“问”的结合就表现为“调查侦查能力”,“想”的能力主要指“分析判断能力”,而“做”的能力主要表现为“群众工作能力”、“突发事件处置能力”、“文字口头表达能力”、“警械和武器使用能力”、“团队实战能力”指标。通过对警察胜任力模型的指标体系分析,模型的特点表现为多维性、层级性、具体性、动态性,且该模型受管理、经济、教育、个体等因素的影响,会表现出不同的能力模型结构。第五章,警察院校警察培养现状与问题。本章分别从人才培养目标定位、课程建设、教学、师资队伍、学校文化五个方面就警察院校人才培养现状进行了现状调查和问题分析。当前警察院校对警察培养的目标定位主要表现为“能力本位”、“素质本位”和“卓越”警务人才三类,本研究分析了三类人才培养目标的内涵和该目标指引下人才培养的缺失；课程建设现状从校内(基于人才培养方案的课程结构)和校外(警务实战部门对课程内容)两个方面进行了调查和分析;对教学现状的了解主要通过对教学效果满意度和教学实训的调查结果寻找教学模式、教学方法和教学内容方面存在的问题；教师队伍建设现状主要表现在教师队伍管理、教师教学能力、师资队伍结构三个方面的问题；警察院校校园文化建设的现状主要表现在“忠”、“真”、“智”、“勇”四种文化维度。第六章,警察院校警察胜任力培养策略。基于警察胜任力模型提出警察院校人才培养的策略体系主要包括以下五个方面。第一,明确定位警察院校人才培养的目标是“应用型综合警务专用人才”；第二,从设计课程、课程实施、课程运行的机制和实例分析四个角度对课程结构进行优化；第三,从教学方法、体能实训和校外实训平台建设三个方面来优化教学策略；第四,从教师专业化和教师队伍结构等角度实施“双师型”教师队伍建设；第五,塑造“忠真智勇”的特质文化建设。综上所述,本研究的创新之处就是基于文献分析实施实证研究(行为关键事件访谈调查和问卷量表调查)和逻辑分析的方法建构警察胜模型和指标体系,并就警察院校警察培养现状与问题探讨该模型如何应用于警察院校的人才培养之中。
[Abstract]:The students trained in Police Colleges and universities should be able to adapt to the comprehensive ability requirements of the work positions of the police departments as soon as possible. But in fact, the police colleges and universities have not set the comprehensive ability of the police competent job as the ability to cultivate the students' ability, which is also the reality of the police academies. There is a big gap between the quality of training and the specific requirements of the police force. According to the theory of competency model, it can be found that all the capacity aggregation of the job is called the competency model, and the competency model is the complex of the knowledge, skills and individuality required for the effective completion of the work, through education and training. This study attempts to provide theoretical support for the personnel training of police colleges and universities by constructing the police competency model and its index system. This paper is divided into five parts. First, it discusses the background, the status and the theoretical basis of the research, and then based on this, the police competency model is built and the competency model of the police is built. Structure, the analysis of police competency index system and the research of police competency training strategy. Chapter 1, "Introduction". From the change of the modern police function, the training of police colleges and universities and the status of police competence, the importance of police competence training is put forward, and then the "police competence" and "police (competency) training" are the main points of the three aspects. The paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the literature at home and abroad, and draws the second chapters, which are composed of "general ability and special skills", "personality traits", "political literacy" and other elements. The theoretical basis of the study is analyzed from the perspective of competency model theory, target curriculum theory and career theory, respectively. Three major aspects are analyzed. The main content of the theory and its application value to the training of police competence. The competency model theory not only has a great reference value to the process and method of the construction of police competency model theory, but also has an indirect guiding role on the training of police competence. The third chapter is the investigation of the current situation of the ability of the police to win the power of responsibility. This investigation includes the "investigation and design" "Investigation and implementation", "survey results analysis" three parts. In the "investigation and design" part of the survey mainly on the purpose of the investigation, the survey, the content of the survey and the four aspects of the investigation process, "investigation and implementation" of the nine administrative areas in Changsha, Hunan Province (including Furong district, Tianxin District, Yuelu District, Kaifu District, Yuhua District, Wangcheng District, The basic level police in Changsha County, Ningxiang county and Liuyang city are the subjects of investigation. First, the police competency index names are obtained through interviews with behavioral events. Then the scale is used to measure the dimensions of police competency indicators, and the competence dimensions of police competence and their indexes are arranged to make a trial survey on the status of police competence. After checking the value of competency resolution, the police competency project is summed up into a formal investigation scale of police competency status. Finally, the police competency model is obtained by principal component analysis by the result of questionnaire survey. The fourth chapter, police competency model analysis. The police competency model presents a five dimensional three-dimensional model. The structure model, from the core hidden layer to the explicit layer, is "personality traits", "physical health", "political literacy", "professional knowledge", "business skills". "Personality traits" dimension is in the core of the competency model, and its indicators include "sociality extroversion", "to be easygoing", "willpower", "" "Emotional stability"; "physical health" dimension in the secondary hidden layer of the model, including "physical fitness", "endurance endurance", "strong physical" index; the two dimensions of the index is not easy to measure, but it is the premise of the stable and normal performance of the police. "Political literacy" "political discrimination", "unity". "Cooperation", "ideal belief", "moral sentiment", "revolutionary outlook on life", "obedience to arrangement and communication with people", "responsibility" indicators are the embodiment of the occupational value of the police, and professional knowledge indicators include horizontal knowledge "surface" (PHILOSOPHY, social science, self Science, humanities art) and vertical knowledge "layer" (professional foundation, The index of business skills is embodied in the five aspects of "looking, listening, asking, thinking and doing". The combination of "looking", "listening" and "asking" is shown as "investigation and investigation ability", and the ability of "thinking" mainly refers to "analytical judgment", and the ability of "doing" is mainly expressed as "mass work ability". "Ability to deal with emergencies", "verbal expression ability", "ability to use police weapons and weapons", "team actual ability" index. Through the analysis of the index system of police competency model, the characteristics of the model are multidimensional, hierarchical, concrete and dynamic, and the model is subject to management, economy, education, and individual factors. The fifth chapter, the status and problems of police training in Police Colleges and universities. This chapter investigates and analyzes the status quo of personnel training in Police Colleges and universities from five aspects of the target orientation of personnel training, curriculum construction, teaching, teachers and school culture. The goal orientation is "ability standard", "quality standard" and "excellent" police personnel three types. This study analyzes the connotation of the three types of personnel training objectives and the lack of talent training under the guidance of this goal; the present situation of the curriculum construction is from the campus (based on the curriculum structure of the talent training program) and the school (the police actual combat departments to the class). Cheng Neirong) investigation and analysis are carried out in two aspects. The understanding of the teaching status is mainly through the investigation of the satisfaction of teaching effect and the investigation results of teaching practice. The problems exist in the teaching mode, teaching methods and teaching contents, and the present situation of the construction of teachers is mainly manifested in the management of the teaching staff, the teaching ability of teachers and the team of teachers. The present situation of the three aspects: the current situation of the construction of campus culture in Police Colleges and universities mainly in the four cultural dimensions of "loyalty", "true", "wisdom" and "bravery". The sixth chapter, the police competence training strategy of police colleges and universities. Based on the police competency model, the strategy system of police training in Police Colleges and universities is mainly included in the following five aspects. First, The goal of cultivating talent training in police colleges is "applied comprehensive police personnel". Second, the course structure is optimized from four angles: design course, curriculum implementation, course operation mechanism and example analysis. Third, teaching strategies are optimized from teaching methods, physical training and outside school training platform construction. Fourth, from the perspective of teachers' specialization and the structure of teachers' team, the construction of the "double teacher type" teacher team is carried out. Fifth, the construction of the characteristic culture of "loyalty and courage" is built. In summary, the innovation of this study is based on the empirical study based on the literature analysis (the interview survey of behavioral key events and questionnaire survey) and the logical division. The analysis method constructs the police winning model and the index system, and discusses how the model is applied to the personnel training of police colleges and universities on the status and problems of police training in Police Colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D631.15

【参考文献】