论言辞证据中词义不确定性的解决：优选论视角

发布时间：2018-01-17 23:06

本文关键词：论言辞证据中词义不确定性的解决：优选论视角　出处：《广东外语外贸大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 言辞证据中的词义不确定性一直是司法领域的一大难题。尽管词义不确定性早已引起了语言学家和法学学者们的注意,至今仍未有人在对言辞证据中的词义不确定性进行系统研究的同时提出相应的分析框架。本文旨从优选论的角度对言辞证据中的词义不确定性进行详细研究,其研究问题细分如下:言辞证据中有哪些类型的词义不确定词汇?如何借助优选论对词义不确定词汇进行解释以解决言辞证据中的词义不确定性? 对于言辞证据中词义不确定性的解决可定义为在特定语境中寻求词汇的优选词义以对词义不确定词汇进行解释的过程。依据关联理论所提出的词义不确定性的解决步骤,本文将词义不确定词汇分为两大类,即语用紧缩类和语用扩大类。根据词义不确定词汇的特点,语用紧缩类可以进一步分为类别词、标量词、多义词和指称词四小类,而语用扩大类可以分为类别延伸词和近似值词两小类。基于优选论的优选模型、Blutner的双向优选论以及词义语用学的语用充实研究,本文建构了专门用于解释言辞证据中词义不确定词汇的理论框架。通过将词义语用紧缩和语用扩大两个步骤合而为一优选步骤,并从说话人和听话人两个角度对词义不确定词汇及其可能的词义进行双向评估优选,本文试图用所构建之框架对言辞证据中各类词义不确定词汇进行解释从而解决言辞证据中的词义不确定性现象。本文通过介绍多个案例展示了不同类别的词义不确定词汇,并分析论证了法律分析手段的不足,从而提出了借助语言学进行解释的必然性和可行性。再者,为了验证本文所构建框架的可操作性,本文对两个经典案例的进行了分析,经分析证明该理论框架可用于解释言辞证据中的词义不确定词汇从而解决其中的词义不确定性。本研究不仅对研究言辞证据中的词义不确定性现象有一定的贡献,也证明了用优选论优化词义语用学相关理论框架的可行性。本文作者希望,基于本文所作研究,可以建构起专门用于解决言辞证据中的词义不确定性的理论框架。
[Abstract]:The uncertainty of word meaning in verbal evidence has always been a difficult problem in the judicial field, although the uncertainty of word meaning has already attracted the attention of linguists and jurists. Up to now, no one has put forward the corresponding analysis framework while systematically studying the uncertainty of word meaning in the verbal evidence. This paper aims to study the uncertainty of word meaning in the verbal evidence in detail from the perspective of optimal selection theory. The research questions are broken down as follows: what types of lexical uncertainties exist in the verbal evidence? How to explain the uncertain words with the help of the theory of optimal selection in order to solve the uncertainty of the meaning of words in the verbal evidence? The resolution of semantic uncertainty in verbal evidence can be defined as the process of seeking the optimal lexical meaning in a given context to interpret the uncertain lexical meaning. Solution steps. According to the characteristics of word meaning uncertainty words, pragmatic contraction can be further divided into category words and scale words. Polysemous words and referential words are divided into four subcategories, while pragmatic expansion categories can be divided into two subcategories: category extension word and approximate word. The optimal selection model based on the optimal selection theory is Blutner's bidirectional optimal selection theory and the pragmatic enrichment of lexical pragmatics. This paper constructs a theoretical framework for the interpretation of lexical uncertainty in verbal evidence and combines the two steps of semantic pragmatic contraction and pragmatic expansion into one optimal selection step. And from the perspective of speaker and hearer, this paper makes a bi-directional evaluation of uncertain words and their possible meanings. This paper attempts to use the constructed framework to explain all kinds of lexical uncertainty in verbal evidence in order to solve the uncertainty of lexical meaning in verbal evidence. This paper introduces several cases to show different categories of word meaning uncertainty words, and analyzes and demonstrates the lack of legal analysis means, so as to put forward the necessity and feasibility of interpretation with the help of linguistics. In order to verify the maneuverability of the framework, this paper analyzes two classic cases. It is proved that the theoretical framework can be used to explain the uncertain lexical meaning in the verbal evidence and to solve the uncertainty of the word meaning. This study not only contributes to the study of lexical uncertainty in verbal evidence, but also proves the feasibility of optimizing the theoretical framework of lexical meaning pragmatics with optimal selection theory. Based on the research in this paper, a theoretical framework for solving the uncertainty of lexical meaning in verbal evidence can be constructed.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90-055;H030

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