财团法人制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 05:34

本文关键词： 财团法人要素民法典　出处：《湖南大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 财团法人制度是传统民法最基本和最重要的法人类型之一。现代意义上的财团法人制度是在罗马法、基督教教义和文艺复兴诸因素相互影响下产生的。财团法人制度主要存在于大陆法系。德国、瑞士、意大利的民法典都规定有财团法人制度,并普遍存在着非公益性质的家庭财团法人类型;日本和埃塞俄比亚的民法典是向西方学习的产物,都继受了财团法人制度;在俄罗斯联邦及蒙古和越南,则存在着在功能上与财团法人制度类似的基金会制度;我国澳门和台湾地区的法律中都规定了较为详细的财团法人制度。我国1986年民法通则没有采纳社团法人与财团法人的划分方法。在我国,基金会法人和法人型民办非企业单位的功能与财团法人类似。对于是否在我国未来民法典的制定中引入财团法人概念与制度,我国民法理论界的意见不一。在我国未来的民法典立法中应当采纳财团法人概念与制度。财团法人制度可以克服时间性限制而使特定财产长久用于从事公益事业,具有独特的价值,而且其制度设计已经比较成熟;采纳财团法人制度的立法进路有利于整合我国现有的非营利组织法律资源;在我国继受大陆法系的背景下,财团法人制度显然较信托制度更适合为民法典采纳;我国澳门和台湾地区的法律规定有较为详细的财团法人制度,采纳财团法人概念也有利于各法域的融合,促进祖国统一大业早日实现。我国未来的民法典关于财团法人的规定,应当全面涵盖财团法人的各要素。财团法人的目的应当限于公益事业;民法典应对财团法人的财产做出抽象规定;财团法人应当设置董事和监事,其他机构的设置由当事人自由裁量。民法典应对财团法人的设立、变更和解散做出系统规定,适当准用社团法人的规定,并应赋予公权力机关适度的监管权。
[Abstract]:The financial corporation system is one of the most basic and important types of legal persons in the traditional civil law. In the modern sense, the financial legal person system is produced under the mutual influence of Roman law, Christian doctrine and Renaissance. The civil code of Germany, Switzerland and Italy all stipulate that there is a financial legal person system, and there is a kind of family financial legal person which is not commonweal; The Civil Code of Japan and Ethiopia was the product of learning from the West, and both received the financial corporation system. In the Russian Federation, Mongolia and Viet Nam, there is a foundation system that is functionally similar to the financial entity system; The laws of Macao and Taiwan both provide for a more detailed system of financial and legal persons. In 1986, the general principles of civil law of our country did not adopt the division method of corporation and financial corporation. The function of the foundation legal person and the legal person type non-enterprise unit is similar to that of the financial group legal person. There are different opinions on whether to introduce the concept and system of the financial group legal person into the formulation of the future civil code of our country. The concept and system of financial corporation should be adopted in the future civil code legislation of our country. The system of financial corporation can overcome the limitation of time and make certain property be used in public welfare for a long time, which has unique value. And its system design has been relatively mature; The adoption of the legislative approach of the financial corporation system is conducive to the integration of the existing legal resources of non-profit organizations in China; Under the background of the civil law system, the financial corporation system is obviously more suitable for the adoption of the civil code than the trust system. The legal provisions of Macao and Taiwan have a more detailed financial legal person system, and the adoption of the concept of financial legal person is also conducive to the integration of various jurisdictions. In order to promote the reunification of the motherland, the future civil code of our country should cover all the elements of the financial corporation. The purpose of a financial corporation shall be limited to public welfare undertakings; The Civil Code should make abstract stipulation about the property of the financial corporation. The establishment of other institutions shall be at the discretion of the parties. The Civil Code shall make a systematic provision for the establishment, alteration and dissolution of the financial corporation, and shall apply the provisions of the corporation as a legal person as appropriate. And should endow the public power organ with the appropriate supervisory power.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D913

【引证文献】