美国高校学生资助教育法规探析

发布时间：2018-05-28 01:12

本文选题：学生资助 + 教育法规　；参考：《东北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来,高校学费上涨幅度很大,学费上涨带来了一系列的连锁反映,导致美国高校学生经济负担过重,一批家庭收入低的家庭难以负担学费,不能进入高一级学校进行学习。高等教育入学率增加的同时,辍学率也在增加。除了因为学费问题而辍学的学生外,由于高等教育入学政策宽松,还存在一部分经济独立但是负担较重(包括可能有家庭或者不想依靠父母独立生活)的学生,奖学金和贷款的制定为这些学生提供方便学习条件。美国是“法律至上”的国家,美国联邦和州通过教育法规对于学生资助进行干预,加强了政府统一管理;多元化的资助,为更多的学生提供接受高等教育的机会,有效地防止一部分因为担负不起学费而辍学的优秀生源流失。从教育法规角度来研究美国学生资助,可以看到美国相关的法律制度比较健全。关注到不同层次的人群,有效地保护学生的权利。就其可借鉴性而言,法制化国家有许多共同之处,对于我国高等教育立法的制定以及理论建设具有一定借鉴意义。本文通过对美国高校学生资助的教育法规研究,阐明美国高校学生资助教育法规,产生与发展的历史进程,以及教育法规的内容、立法依据与理念,教育法规的实施效果。第一部分:美国高校学生资助教育法规产生和发展的历史进程,从二战前和二战后两个时期对美国高校学生资助教育法规产生和发展的历史进程做出详细的阐述。第二部分:美国高校学生资助教育法规体系。从立法程序与立法内容两个方面对于学生资助教育立法体系进行论述。第三部分:美国高校学生资助教育法规的实施效果。从教育法规对美国高校学生资助的教育经费投入增加、资助方式多元化,扩大不同阶层学生接受教育的机会、奖学金制度推动学科的建设和发展几个方面加以论述学生资助教育法规的实施效果。第四部分:美国高校学生资助教育法规的特点和思考。关于美国高校学生资助教育法规的特点论述,包括:公平性;民主性;统一与分权相结合三个特点主要分析美国高校学生资助的教育法规的优势与存在问题的评价。以及对教育法规推动高校学生资助的发展的启示的思考。
[Abstract]:In recent years , the rise in tuition fees in colleges and universities has resulted in a series of chain reactions , which have led to a series of chain reactions , which have led to the high school student economy in the United States . The higher education enrolment rate has also increased . In addition to students who drop out of school because of school fees , there are also some students who are financially independent but have a heavier burden ( including the possibility of families or who do not want to rely on their parents to live independently ) , and the development of scholarships and loans provides them with convenient learning conditions .

The United States is the " supreme law " country , the United States federal and state through education laws and regulations for the student financing to intervene , strengthen the government unified management ; the diversification fund , provides more students with the opportunity to accept the higher education , effectively prevent part because of the lack of tuition fees to drop out of the excellent student source loss . From the educational regulation angle to study the American student fund , can see the United States relevant legal system comparatively perfect . With regard to the people of different levels , the law country has many common things , has certain reference significance for the development of the higher education legislation of our country and the theory construction .

Through the research on the educational regulations funded by American college students , this paper expounds the historical process of financing educational legislation , production and development of American college students , the content of educational regulations , the legislative basis and the implementation effect of educational regulations .

The first part : The historical process of the generation and development of American college students ' financing education laws and regulations , and the historical process of the generation and development of American college students ' financing education regulations during the two periods before and after World War II .

The second part : The American college students funded the educational regulation system . From the legislative procedure and the legislative content , the students funded the educational legislation system .

The third part : The effect of the American college students ' financing laws and regulations . From the educational regulations , the education funds funded by American college students are increased , the mode of financing is diversified , the chances that students of different classes receive education are expanded , the scholarship system promotes the construction and development of the disciplines , and the effect of the students ' financing laws is discussed .

The fourth part : The characteristics and reflections of the American college students ' financing education regulations . The characteristics of the legislation on the financing of college students in the United States include : fairness , democracy , unity and decentralization , which are mainly used to analyze the advantages and problems of the educational regulations funded by American college students .
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G647;D971.2;DD912.1

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