传统法律文化的君主义务观及其对责任政府建设的启示

发布时间：2019-03-13 15:10

【摘要】：中国传统法律文化非常重视和强调君主对民众、对天下所负的义务。传统法律文化认为,君主是为"民"服务的,这是设立君主的最根本的目的,也是君主的最根本的义务。君主只有遵循天意和民意,尽自己的义务,民众才能服从君主管理,如果君主不尽义务,民众就可以重新选择君主、反抗暴政。在中国传统法律文化看来,君主对天下、对民众承担着系统的经济义务、政治义务和文化义务,这在一定程度上有利于促使君主权力行使的规范化,但是也存在着严重的先天缺陷。我们应该吸收借鉴传统法律文化对君主义务设计的有益成分,摒弃其先天缺陷,为建设责任政府服务。我们必须强调义务在政府及公务人员的思想意识和行为中居于核心的、根本的地位,树立义务本位的行政发展观,建立中国特色责任政府的义务履行体系,完善义务履行的监督评价体系,实现政府责任的法制化。
[Abstract]:China's traditional legal culture attaches great importance to and emphasizes the sovereign's obligations to the people and the world. The traditional legal culture holds that the monarch serves the people, which is not only the most fundamental purpose of establishing the monarch, but also the fundamental duty of the monarch. Only by following the will and the will of the people and doing their duty can the people obey the monarch. If the monarch does not fulfill his duties, the people can choose the monarch again and resist tyranny. In the view of Chinese traditional legal culture, the monarch bears systematic economic, political and cultural obligations to the world and to the people, which to a certain extent is conducive to the standardization of the exercise of monarch's power. But there are also serious congenital defects. We should absorb the beneficial elements of traditional legal culture to the design of sovereign obligation, abandon its inherent defects, and serve the construction of responsible government. We must emphasize that obligation plays a central and fundamental role in the ideological consciousness and behavior of the government and public servants, establish an obligation-based concept of administrative development, and establish a system for fulfilling the obligations of the responsible government with Chinese characteristics. Perfect the supervision and evaluation system to fulfill the obligation, realize the legalization of the government responsibility.
【作者单位】：《山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》编辑部;山东省诸城市人民检察院;
【基金】：山东大学自主创新基金“传统法律文化中的法治性资源及其现代转换问题研究”(项目编号IFW09169))资助山东省社科规划项目“传统法文化与法治的文化认同建设——以塑造民族化、中国化的法治文化为出发点”(项目编号08DFXJ03)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D909.2

【参考文献】