我国看守所值班律师制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 15:18

本文选题：看守所　切入点：未决羁押人　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着二战之后国际人权保障运动的蓬勃发展,各国愈加重视加强刑事被追诉人的人权保障,特别是被追诉人辩护权朝着不断扩大的方向发展。在此背景下,法律援助制度成为各国刑事司法改革最为重要的内容之一。然法律援助制度面临着一个普遍的难题,即如何突破法律援助范围的有限性,平等地保障所有被追诉人获得律师帮助。对此,各国开始建立了值班律师制度。值班律师制度是为了保障刑事案件被追诉人基本权利而专门设立的一项刑事法律援助制度,是国家在司法制度运行的各个环节与各个层次上,对于需要法律救济保障其自身基本权利的被追诉人提供免费的法律服务,不以被追诉人的经济状况、涉案情况为服务的限定对象。我国关押未决羁押人的主要场所是看守所,在我国法律援助范围有限的情形下,多数被羁押人在看守所是无法获得足够律师帮助的。而在看守所这一特殊场域以及较为特殊的时间阶段,我国确有构建看守所值班律师制度的现实需要且在司法实践中看守所值班律师制度已经开始逐步实施。看守所值班律师制度对于有效保障未决羁押人获得免费、即时的律师帮助,以及实现司法平等与公正,维护未决羁押人基本权利,落实刑事诉讼早期阶段法律援助,规范、监督侦查权的依法行使等方面发挥着重要的作用。看守所值班律师与辩护律师、法律援助律师最为显著的不同在于其性质具有中立性。该中立性决定了其权利义务与辩护律师、法律援助律师的不同。看守所值班律师为未决羁押人提供法律服务的主要方式是会见咨询和电话咨询。看守所值班律师制度适用对象的广泛性特征,对我国看守所会见流程提出了新要求。看守所值班律师制度场域的特殊性,决定了该制度运行必然会与看守所之间产生诸多联系。只有在看守所全力配合协助下,值班律师方能有效进行法律服务、未决羁押人方能获得值班律师服务。看守所值班律师制度的运行,需注重发挥值班律师与驻所检察官两者之间的配合协作,以期对侦查活动形成内外部监督合力。在此同时,该制度的有效运行,也必然离不开保障机制的建立,其中最为关键的是要解决值班律师数量与质量问题。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of the international human rights guarantee movement after the second World War, countries pay more and more attention to strengthening the human rights protection of the prosecuted persons, especially the right of the prosecuted persons to defend towards the expanding direction. In this context, The legal aid system has become one of the most important contents of the criminal justice reform in various countries. However, the legal aid system is faced with a common problem, that is, how to break through the limitation of the scope of legal aid. In response to this, States began to establish a system of duty lawyers, a criminal legal aid system specifically established to safeguard the fundamental rights of persons prosecuted in criminal cases, It is that the state provides free legal services to the accused who need legal relief to protect their basic rights at all stages and at all levels of the operation of the judicial system, and does not take the economic situation of the accused person into account. The main place where the outstanding detainees are held in China is the detention centre. In the case of the limited scope of legal aid in our country, Most detainees do not have access to adequate counsel in detention facilities. In this particular field and at a relatively special time stage, In our country, it is necessary to construct the system of watchman in detention center, and in judicial practice, the system of duty lawyer in detention house has been implemented step by step. The help of prompt lawyers, as well as the realization of justice equality and justice, the protection of the fundamental rights of pending detainees, the implementation of legal aid in the early stages of criminal proceedings, and the regulation of legal aid, The most significant difference between the lawyer on duty in the detention center and the defense lawyer is that the legal aid lawyer is neutral in nature, which determines the right and duty of the lawyer and the defense lawyer. The main way for lawyers on duty to provide legal services for pending detainees is to meet with consultation and telephone consultation. This paper puts forward a new request to the meeting process of the detention center in our country. The particularity of the field of the system of the lawyers on duty in the detention center determines that the operation of the system will inevitably have many relations with the detention center. Only with the full cooperation and assistance of the detention center, Only the lawyer on duty can effectively carry out the legal service, and the pending detainees can obtain the service of the lawyer on duty. In the operation of the duty lawyer system in the detention center, we should pay attention to the cooperation between the lawyer on duty and the procurator on duty. At the same time, the effective operation of this system is bound to be inseparable from the establishment of the safeguard mechanism, the most crucial of which is to solve the problem of quantity and quality of the lawyer on duty.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.5

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