革命根据地时期人民陪审员制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 09:11

本文选题：陪审制度　切入点：革命根据地时期　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：陪审制度是普通民众参与司法审判活动的一项制度。现代所指的陪审制度兴起于英国，之后经过了在北美兴盛，在欧洲大陆衰败的历程，并在当代呈现复兴之势。陪审制度主要有两方面的价值，政治价值和司法价值。政治价值是基础，主要体现为权力制约、司法民主。陪审制度的司法价值集中体现在事实真相的查明、促进庭审结构的合理化和维护司法权威三个方面。中国陪审制度的引进始于清末，但未能付诸实施。民国时期，国民政府方面进一步发展了陪审制度。中国共产党则在根据地实施了人民陪审员制度，，这也成为后来制度建构的基石。根据地时期的人民陪审员制度以苏联的陪审制度为蓝本，是中国共产党为广泛发动群众，贯彻群众路线所设立的制度，有着既不同于陪审制，又不同于参审制度的中国特色。在制度设计上，选任方式主要为群众团体推选，资格设置门槛较高。在职权方面，对案件大多无表决权，只有建议权。在回避等方面也体现着中国传统特色。在实施方面，以根据地的三个时期为划分阶段，分别探究了较为典型的中央苏区、陕甘宁边区和哈尔滨解放区的人民陪审员制度实施状况。本文对根据地时期人民陪审员制度进行制度设计和实施状况两方面的分析之后，在与清末、国民政府实施的陪审制度对比基础之上，并结合近代各国陪审制度的相应情况，从法律、政治和历史三个方面总结了根据地时期人民陪审员制度的特点。然后，缕清了建国后人民陪审员制度的发展脉络，从制度与理念两方面，分析根据地时期人民陪审员制度对当代人民陪审员制度的影响，最后从历史角度提出对当代人民陪审员制度的改革完善建议。
[Abstract]:The jury system is a system in which ordinary people participate in judicial activities.The modern jury system rose in England, and then flourished in North America and declined in the European continent, and showed a trend of renaissance in the contemporary era.The jury system has two main values, political value and judicial value.The political value is the foundation, mainly manifests for the power restriction, the judicial democracy.The judicial value of the jury system is embodied in three aspects: finding out the truth, promoting the rationalization of the trial structure and safeguarding the judicial authority.The introduction of the jury system in China began in the late Qing Dynasty, but failed to be put into practice.In the period of the Republic of China, the national government further developed the jury system.The Communist Party of China implemented the people's jury system in the base area, which became the cornerstone of the later system construction.The people's jury system in the base area period, based on the jury system of the Soviet Union, was set up by the Communist Party of China for arousing the masses and carrying out the mass line. It has Chinese characteristics which are not only different from the jury system, but also different from the system of participating in the trial.In the system design, the main selection for mass organizations, qualifications set a higher threshold.In terms of authority, the majority of cases do not have the right to vote, only the right to propose.In the avoidance and other aspects also embodies the Chinese traditional characteristics.In the aspect of implementation, taking the three periods of base area as the dividing stage, this paper probes into the implementation of the people's jury system in the relatively typical Central Soviet region, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region and the Harbin liberated area respectively.After the analysis of the system design and implementation of the people's jury system in the base area, and on the basis of comparison with the jury system implemented by the National Government in the late Qing Dynasty, and combining with the corresponding situation of the jury system in modern countries,This paper summarizes the characteristics of the people's jury system in the base area from the three aspects of law, politics and history.Then, it clarifies the development of the people's jury system after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and analyzes the influence of the people's jury system on the contemporary people's jury system in the base area from the two aspects of the system and the concept.Finally, from the historical point of view, the reform and perfection of the contemporary people's jury system is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

【参考文献】