中国监狱服刑人员之人权保障探析

发布时间：2018-04-28 13:01

本文选题：监狱 + 服刑人员　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：监狱服刑人员的人权问题是一个老问题,也是衡量一个国家人权保障状况的重要标准。监狱服刑人员的人权保护一直受到学界的广泛关注。监狱服刑人员的人权,指服刑人员在监狱服刑改造期间作为人应该享有的未被法律剥夺的各种基本权利。本文从服刑人员、人权、服刑人员人权、基本人权、基本权利等概念着手,以人权三种表现形态学说为基础,并就国际人权公约,尤其是《囚犯待遇最低限度标准规则》规定的服刑人员的权利与我国服刑人员的应有权利、法定权利和实有权利进行比照,指出当下中国监狱服刑人员人权保障中的不足,并就此提出一些完善意见以及在完善过程中应注意的问题。本文共分七大部分：引言部分简单介绍笔者选此论题的现实和理论原因。第一章：主要是介绍监狱服刑人员人权的相关概念,明确界定本文的研究对象。通过对监狱、人权、基本人权和非基本人权、基本人权和基本权利、服刑人员及服刑人员人权的概念的介绍及相关概念区分,将中国监狱服刑人员的基本人权作为本文的研究对象,同时明确本文主要以人权的表现形式——权利来谈人权。第二章：主要阐述服刑人员基本人权的法理依据,服刑人员人权的特有属性及其表现形态——应有权利、法定权利和实有权利。进而在此基础上,介绍了国际法中服刑人员的应有权利和我国服刑人员的法定权利,从而为后文国际法和国内法的比照奠定了基础。第三章：主要讲目前我国在监狱服刑人员人权实现方面所取得的成绩,主要是我国已实现的法律保障、监督保障、组织保障以及物资和社会保障。第四章：探讨中国监狱服刑人员人权保障方面的不足。通过与国际人权标准的比照,从人身权、适当生活水准权、劳动方面的权利及获得救济权四个具体方面揭示我国部分应有权利无法享有,部分法定权利无法行使或行使困难,某些实有权利救济困难的现状。第五章：简要提出中国监狱对服刑人员人权保障的完善措施,包括强化人权保障意识,健全完善我国法律体系,将已有法律规定落到实处。同时,笔者指出在完善服刑人员人权保障过程中应注意的两个问题,一是由于监狱服刑人员处于不同的法律地位中,因此要正确处理其权利义务问题,在强调保障其人权的同时又不能矫枉过正,造成其权利的过分扩张。二是人权具有普遍性和特殊性,在完善我国监狱服刑人员人权保障的同时要注意共性与个性,不只是照搬西方,要走出我国自己的人权发展模式。
[Abstract]:The human rights of prison inmates is an old problem and an important standard to measure the human rights of a country. The protection of the human rights of prison inmates has been widely concerned by the academic circles. The human rights of prison inmates refer to the basic rights that prisoners should enjoy as human beings during the reform of prison sentences without being deprived by law. This paper begins with the concepts of prisoners, human rights, human rights of prisoners, basic human rights and basic rights, and based on the three morphological theories of human rights, and on the international covenants on human rights. In particular, the rights of prisoners stipulated in the Standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners are compared with the due rights, legal rights and actual rights of Chinese prisoners, and the deficiencies in the protection of the human rights of Chinese prison inmates are pointed out. And puts forward some consummation opinion and the question which should pay attention to in the consummation process. This paper is divided into seven parts: The introduction briefly introduces the practical and theoretical reasons why the author chooses this topic. The first chapter introduces the concept of human rights of prison inmates and defines the object of this paper. By introducing and distinguishing between the concepts of prison, human rights, basic and non-basic human rights, basic and fundamental rights, and the human rights of prisoners and persons serving their sentences, Taking the basic human rights of Chinese prison inmates as the object of this paper, it is clear that this paper mainly discusses human rights in the form of human rights. The second chapter mainly expounds the legal basis of the basic human rights of the prisoners, the special attribute of the human rights of the prisoners and their manifestations-due rights, legal rights and actual rights. On this basis, the author introduces the rights of the prisoners in international law and the legal rights of the prisoners in our country, thus laying a foundation for the comparison between international law and domestic law. The third chapter mainly talks about the achievements in the realization of the human rights of the prisoners in our country, mainly the legal guarantee, the supervision guarantee, the organization guarantee and the material and social security. Chapter IV: to explore the shortcomings of human rights protection for Chinese prison inmates. Comparing with international human rights standards, it is revealed from four specific aspects, namely, the right to a personal person, the right to an adequate standard of living, the right to work and the right to obtain relief, that some of our country's due rights cannot be enjoyed, and some of its legal rights cannot be exercised or exercised with difficulties. Some have a real right to remedy difficulties. Chapter V: briefly put forward the perfect measures of Chinese prison to protect the human rights of prisoners, including strengthening the consciousness of human rights protection, perfecting the legal system of our country, and putting the existing legal provisions into practice. At the same time, the author points out two problems that should be paid attention to in the process of perfecting the human rights of prisoners. One is that the prison inmates are in different legal status, so they should deal with their rights and obligations correctly. The emphasis on the protection of their human rights must not be overdone, resulting in the excessive expansion of their rights. Second, human rights have universality and particularity, so we should pay attention to the commonness and individuality while perfecting the human rights protection of prison personnel in our country, not only copy the western countries, but also go out of our own human rights development mode.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.7

【参考文献】