检察机关适用刑事和解研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 10:11

【摘要】：所谓刑事和解,是指在刑事诉讼过程中,犯罪发生后,加害人通过悔罪、道歉、赔偿等方式求得被害人的原谅,当事人双方达成刑事和解协议,最后国家专门机关对加害人从轻或免除处罚、不追究其刑事责任的一种制度。刑事和解起到了弥补被害人所受到的损害、恢复被加害人所破坏的社会关系、修复加害人与被害人之间裂痕的作用,从而有助于进一步促使加害人改过自新、回归社会。刑事和解是一种新的办案方式,它是司法机关在新的形势下经过长期办案的摸索所总结出来的,它是当前贯彻、实施宽严相济政策的重要途径之一,对缓解社会矛盾、构建社会主义和谐社会具有极其重要的理论意义和现实意义。特别是在审查起诉阶段,全国各地的检察机关对刑事和解制定了详细的规定,并在实践中予以运用,取得了良好的效果。但由于对刑事和解理论的研究还处于刚刚起步的阶段,理论界对刑事和解有着不同的认识,司法实践中各地检察院对刑事和解也有着不同的规定,这给统一适用刑事和解带来了困惑,造成了混乱。因此,从理论上加深对审查起诉阶段刑事和解的认识,尽快制定出统一的刑事和解规范,把刑事和解纳入程序化、正规化和法治化的进程,已是当务之急。本文本着上述目的,力图从审查起诉阶段的视角出发,对目前各地检察机关适用刑事和解的现状和存在的问题进行分析和探讨,在此基础上提出检察机关适用刑事和解的完善措施。本文除导论和结语外,共分为四个部分。第一部分,检察机关适用刑事和解的概述。本文首先从学者对刑事和解概念的不同界定入手,概括出刑事和解的特点,然后从更狭义的角度,延伸出检察机关适用刑事和解的定义。接着对检察机关适用刑事和解的特征进行梳理、总结。第二部分,该部分主要通过目前我国各地检察机关适用刑事和解的实践考察,来介绍各地适用刑事和解的一些基本情况,对各地在刑事和解实践过程中摸索出来的一些办法做出一个简单的评析。第三部分,是本文的重点部分。主要从检察机关适用刑事和解的案件范围过于保守；检察机关在刑事和解中的职能定位模糊；检察机关适用刑事和解的处理方式不统一；检察机关缺乏对案件和解的配套措施等四个方面分析目前检察机关适用刑事和解存在的问题。第四部分,是本文的难点部分。力图从四个方面对检察机关适用刑事和解存在的问题进行完善：适当扩大检察机关适用刑事和解的案件范围；检察机关适用刑事和解要明确职能定位；完善检察机关适用刑事和解的处理方式；完善检察机关适用刑事和解的后续配套措施。本文通过分析目前检察机关适用刑事和解中存在的问题,并提出相应的解决方案,从而为检察机关在审查起诉阶段适用刑事和解的研究提供有用的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:The so-called criminal reconciliation means that in the course of criminal proceedings, after the crime has occurred, the perpetrator obtains the victim's forgiveness by means of repentance, apology, compensation, etc., and the two parties reach a criminal reconciliation agreement. Finally, the national specialized agency leniently or exempts the offender from punishment, does not investigate their criminal responsibility system. Criminal reconciliation has played a role in making up for the damage suffered by the victim, restoring the social relations destroyed by the victimizer, and repairing the rift between the perpetrator and the victim, which will help to further promote the offender to reform and return to the society. Criminal reconciliation is a new way of handling cases. It is summed up by the judicial organs after a long period of trial under the new situation. It is one of the important ways to carry out and implement the policy of combining leniency and strict punishment at present, which will alleviate social contradictions. Building a harmonious socialist society is of great theoretical and practical significance. Especially in the stage of examination and prosecution, procuratorial organs all over the country have formulated detailed regulations on criminal reconciliation and applied them in practice, and achieved good results. However, since the research on the theory of criminal reconciliation is still in its infancy, the theorists have different understandings of criminal reconciliation, and the procuratorates have different regulations on criminal reconciliation in judicial practice. This brings confusion and confusion to the unified application of criminal reconciliation. Therefore, it is urgent to deepen the understanding of the criminal reconciliation in the stage of examining and prosecuting, to formulate the unified criminal reconciliation norm as soon as possible, and to bring the criminal reconciliation into the process of procedure, formalization and rule by law. In view of the above purpose, this paper tries to analyze and discuss the present situation and problems of criminal reconciliation in various procuratorial organs from the perspective of the stage of examination and prosecution. On the basis of this, the author puts forward the perfect measures for the procuratorial organ to apply the criminal reconciliation. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into four parts. The first part is the summary of the application of criminal reconciliation by procuratorial organs. This paper begins with the different definitions of the concept of criminal reconciliation by scholars, generalizes the characteristics of criminal reconciliation, and then extends the definition of criminal reconciliation applied by procuratorial organs from a narrower point of view. Secondly, the author sorts out and summarizes the characteristics of criminal reconciliation applied by procuratorial organs. In the second part, this part mainly introduces some basic conditions of criminal reconciliation in various places through the investigation of the practice of applying criminal reconciliation to procuratorial organs in various parts of our country at present. To make a simple assessment of some methods found out in the process of criminal reconciliation practice. The third part is the key part of this paper. The scope of cases in which criminal reconciliation is applied by procuratorial organs is too conservative; the functions of procuratorial organs in criminal reconciliation are vague; the handling methods of criminal reconciliation by procuratorial organs are not uniform; This paper analyzes the problems existing in the application of criminal reconciliation by procuratorial organs in four aspects: the lack of supporting measures for the settlement of cases. The fourth part is the difficult part of this paper. This paper tries to perfect the problems existing in the application of criminal reconciliation to procuratorial organs from four aspects: to expand the scope of cases in which criminal reconciliation is applied by procuratorial organs appropriately, to define the function of procuratorial organs in applying criminal reconciliation; Improve the procuratorial organs to apply the treatment of criminal reconciliation; improve the procuratorial organs to apply the subsequent matching measures of criminal reconciliation. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the application of criminal reconciliation in procuratorial organs and puts forward corresponding solutions, thus providing useful reference and reference for the research on the application of criminal reconciliation in the stage of examination and prosecution of procuratorial organs.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.2;D926.3

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