中国司法能动问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 12:54
【摘要】：在已经过去的两年中,中国司法领域最为热门的话题在于“能动”。但中国语境下的司法能动主要从政治需求而展开,与司法权的法律属性连接较少,也不涉及司法权力的再分配和扩张问题,主要是司法机关基于社会现实需求的一种自我救赎和革新,更多地体现为应急策略而不是一种理性的制度选择。在这样的前提下厘清司法能动的来源、定位以及与中国法治事业的关系,对于规范司法能动的运行轨迹至关重要。本文立基于司法能动主义的基础理论,对西方主要国家司法能动的发展与流变予以分析和总结,在对司法能动的本源予以分析论证的基础之上,对中国既存的司法能动现象予以梳理,并结合宪法文本和宪政理论对我国的司法能动问题予以分析,最终对我国司法能动的发展路径予以取舍和设计。 第一章主要是对司法能动主义的法理学思考,对司法能动主义的起源和演变做出阐述,厘清司法能动主义的本初含义以及其表现形式,并对司法能动主义的本质和法哲学基础进行追问,对其理论源流和与宪政的悖论分别予以分析,并引出西方法学界对于司法能动主义的一种两难的态度和观念。 第二章分别对美、英、德、法的司法能动现象予以总结和归纳,对司法能动主义在西方主要国家的发展进程和运行状况予以系统的介绍,并对各国的宪政文化、权力体制与司法能动之间的关系加以分析和论证。 第三章主要内容为司法能动在中国的展开。对中国语境下“能动司法”主张的基本内涵和产生背景予以阐明,并结合我国现行的司法权运行状况,对已经存在的司法能动现象予以梳理,总结出其一般特质、基本规律以及与西方司法能动的差异。 第四章是结合中国现实状况、宪法与法律文本、宪政理论对我国司法能动问题进行评判。从司法能动与社会主义司法权、宪法权力制度和政治结构体制的关系出发对司法能动的正当性予以证立,同时对司法能动可能带来的负面效应予以了列举,如司法能动主义可能会成为中央与地方关系法治化的新阻碍,对立法权的侵害等。 第五章是对司法能动主义的展望。首先是对司法能动在中国能够实现的条件和障碍从现实和制度层面予以分析。其次对既有的能动式司法改革予以总结,并从司法权本身的性质和宪政国家对其的需求出发,对司法能动在中国的发展予以判断,并对中国司法能动发展的路径作出思考。
[Abstract]:In the past two years, the most popular topic in Chinese judicial field is active. However, in the context of China, the judicial initiative is mainly carried out from the political demand and has little connection with the legal attributes of the judicial power, nor does it involve the redistribution and expansion of the judicial power. It is mainly a kind of self-redemption and innovation based on the needs of the social reality, which is more reflected in the emergency strategy than a rational system choice. Under this premise, it is very important to clarify the source, orientation and relationship with the cause of rule of law in order to standardize the track of judicial initiative. Based on the basic theory of judicial activism, this paper analyzes and summarizes the development and evolution of judicial initiative in major western countries, and on the basis of analyzing and demonstrating the origin of judicial initiative, This paper combs the existing phenomenon of judicial initiative in China, analyzes the problem of judicial initiative in China by combining the constitutional text and the theory of constitutionalism, and finally chooses and designs the development path of judicial initiative in China. The first chapter mainly discusses the jurisprudence of judicial activism, expounds the origin and evolution of judicial activism, and clarifies the original meaning and manifestation of judicial activism. The essence of judicial activism and the foundation of legal philosophy are questioned, the theoretical origin and the paradox of constitutionalism are analyzed respectively, and the dilemma attitude and concept of judicial activism in western legal circles are elicited. The second chapter summarizes and summarizes the phenomenon of judicial activism in the United States, Britain, Germany and France, systematically introduces the development and operation of judicial activism in the main western countries, and introduces the constitutionalism culture of all countries. The relationship between power system and judicial initiative is analyzed and proved. The third chapter is mainly about the development of judicial initiative in China. This paper clarifies the basic connotation and background of "active justice" in Chinese context, combs the existing phenomenon of judicial initiative and summarizes its general characteristics, combining with the current situation of judicial power in our country. The basic law and the difference with the western judicial initiative. The fourth chapter is to judge the judicial activity of our country according to the reality of China, constitution, legal text and constitutional theory. Starting from the relationship between judicial initiative and socialist judicial power, constitutional power system and political structure system, the legitimacy of judicial initiative is proved, and the possible negative effects of judicial initiative are listed. For example, judicial activism may become a new hindrance to the rule of law in the relationship between central and local government, and encroach on legislative power and so on. The fifth chapter is the prospect of judicial activism. The first is to analyze the conditions and obstacles of judicial initiative in China from the practical and institutional level. Secondly, the author summarizes the existing active judicial reform, and starts from the nature of judicial power and the needs of constitutional countries, judges the development of judicial initiative in China, and thinks about the path of the development of judicial initiative in China.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926
本文编号：2327162
[Abstract]:In the past two years, the most popular topic in Chinese judicial field is active. However, in the context of China, the judicial initiative is mainly carried out from the political demand and has little connection with the legal attributes of the judicial power, nor does it involve the redistribution and expansion of the judicial power. It is mainly a kind of self-redemption and innovation based on the needs of the social reality, which is more reflected in the emergency strategy than a rational system choice. Under this premise, it is very important to clarify the source, orientation and relationship with the cause of rule of law in order to standardize the track of judicial initiative. Based on the basic theory of judicial activism, this paper analyzes and summarizes the development and evolution of judicial initiative in major western countries, and on the basis of analyzing and demonstrating the origin of judicial initiative, This paper combs the existing phenomenon of judicial initiative in China, analyzes the problem of judicial initiative in China by combining the constitutional text and the theory of constitutionalism, and finally chooses and designs the development path of judicial initiative in China. The first chapter mainly discusses the jurisprudence of judicial activism, expounds the origin and evolution of judicial activism, and clarifies the original meaning and manifestation of judicial activism. The essence of judicial activism and the foundation of legal philosophy are questioned, the theoretical origin and the paradox of constitutionalism are analyzed respectively, and the dilemma attitude and concept of judicial activism in western legal circles are elicited. The second chapter summarizes and summarizes the phenomenon of judicial activism in the United States, Britain, Germany and France, systematically introduces the development and operation of judicial activism in the main western countries, and introduces the constitutionalism culture of all countries. The relationship between power system and judicial initiative is analyzed and proved. The third chapter is mainly about the development of judicial initiative in China. This paper clarifies the basic connotation and background of "active justice" in Chinese context, combs the existing phenomenon of judicial initiative and summarizes its general characteristics, combining with the current situation of judicial power in our country. The basic law and the difference with the western judicial initiative. The fourth chapter is to judge the judicial activity of our country according to the reality of China, constitution, legal text and constitutional theory. Starting from the relationship between judicial initiative and socialist judicial power, constitutional power system and political structure system, the legitimacy of judicial initiative is proved, and the possible negative effects of judicial initiative are listed. For example, judicial activism may become a new hindrance to the rule of law in the relationship between central and local government, and encroach on legislative power and so on. The fifth chapter is the prospect of judicial activism. The first is to analyze the conditions and obstacles of judicial initiative in China from the practical and institutional level. Secondly, the author summarizes the existing active judicial reform, and starts from the nature of judicial power and the needs of constitutional countries, judges the development of judicial initiative in China, and thinks about the path of the development of judicial initiative in China.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926
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