人民陪审员制度及其改革

发布时间：2018-11-14 21:02

【摘要】：我国人民陪审员制度在古代便有类似的文化传统，清末将西方的陪审制引入我国，民国时期建立了仅仅适用于反革命案件的陪审制，民主革命时期在根据地建立了人民陪审员制度。建国后起起伏伏，最终确立了现行的人民陪审员制度。我国现行宪法并未对人民陪审员制度作出任何规定，人民陪审员制度的相关规定主要出现在《中华人民共和国人民法院组织法》、《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》、《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》、《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于完善人民陪审员制度的决定》、《最高人民法院、司法部关于人民陪审员选任、培训、考核工作的实施意见》及《最高人民法院关于人民陪审员管理办法（试行）》等配套规定中。虽然人民陪审员制度建设取得了一些成绩，但在司法实践中还存在许多问题。例如，人民陪审员制度未能充分发挥其功用，，制度本身也发生了一些异化等等。实践中产生的问题引起了法学界对人民陪审员制度的争论，有学者主张强化人民陪审员制度，也有学者主张废除人民陪审员制度，争论焦点主要集中在司法民主化、司法公正与文化传统等方面。与此同时，我国很多地方对人民陪审员制度进行了改革，如陪审团试点改革；有的地方采取措施加强人民陪审员工作。这些改革措施有成功之处，亦有不足之处，因此我们需要进一步推进人民陪审员制度的改革，在我国进行有条件的陪审团移植，使人民陪审员制度真正发挥作用。
[Abstract]:The people's jury system of our country had similar cultural tradition in ancient times. In the late Qing Dynasty, the jury system of the West was introduced into our country, and the jury system was established in the period of the Republic of China, which was only suitable for counter-revolutionary cases. The people's jury system was established in the base area during the democratic revolution. After the founding of the people's Republic of China ups and downs, finally established the current people's jury system. The current Constitution of our country does not make any provision for the people's jury system. The relevant provisions of the people's jury system mainly appear in the Organic Law of the people's Court of the people's Republic of China and the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Republic of China. The Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China, the Administrative procedure Law of the people's Republic of China, the decision of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress on the perfection of the system of people's jurors, the Supreme people's Court, The relevant provisions of the Ministry of Justice on the selection, training and examination of people's jurors and the measures of the Supreme people's Court on the Administration of people's jurors (trial). Although the construction of the people's jury system has made some achievements, there are still many problems in the judicial practice. For example, the people's jury system failed to give full play to its function, the system itself also occurred some alienation and so on. The problems arising from the practice have aroused the controversy of the people's jury system in the legal circles. Some scholars have advocated strengthening the people's jury system, while others have advocated the abolition of the people's jury system. The focus of the debate is mainly on the democratization of the judiciary. Judicial justice and cultural tradition. At the same time, many places in our country have reformed the people's jury system, such as the trial reform of jury, and some places have taken measures to strengthen the work of people's jurors. These reform measures have some successes and shortcomings. Therefore, we need to further promote the reform of the people's jury system, carry out conditional jury transplantation in our country, so that the people's jury system can really play its role.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

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