对省级人大常委会有关检察机关诉讼监督规定的评析

发布时间：2018-12-18 15:57

【摘要】：省级人大常委会制定相关《决议》、《决定》，是属于地方立法的范畴，是省级人大常委会根据本地具体情况行使立法权与监督权的重要手段，而检察机关作为宪法规定的法律监督机关，其职能的发挥也是一定要受到省级人大常委会的规范与制约的。由于目前检察机关法律监督职能的发挥不够充分，不能满足社会经济发展和司法制度完善的需要。特别是立法方面，这方面的规定过于单一、过于原则，无法在实践中被合理运用，限制了检察机关职能的发挥。因此，为了强化检察机关法律监督职能，我国31个省级人大常委会纷纷出台关于对诉讼活动进行法律监督的决议或决定。这是我国司法改革和法治进程的必经阶段，适应了新形势和新发展的需要。而对于这些决议、决定的性质以及其合宪性、合法性问题，是我们必须首先要搞清楚的。笔者认为，只有厘清省级人大常委会和检察机关的宪法定位，明确省级人大常委会的立法权限和检察机关的职能，才能准确认识这些规定的意义及存在的问题，进而提出完善意见，以期使省级人大常委会加强检察机关诉讼监督职能的作用落到实处。本文分为四个部分，按照层层递进的方式，综合运用法条论证、举例分析、列表对比等方法，从立法依据到内容分析，进而发现问题，最后提出建议，使文章说理性更强，逻辑更完整，以使读者对31个省级人大常委会制定的关于加强检察机关诉讼监督工作的规定有一个较为全面、清晰的认识。第一章从省级人大常委会关于加强检察机关诉讼监督职能的基本概述入手，第一节对省级人大常委会的立法权、检察机关的诉讼监督职能以及相关规定的性质认定方面等基本概念进行介绍；第二节对相关规定的具体内容方面进行详细说明，明确省级人大常委会加强检察机关诉讼监督工作的重点。第二章肯定了相关规定的重要意义，主要分为四节，从符合宪法精神、弥补了三大诉讼法的不完善、完善了检察机关诉讼监督的机制，，为检察机关营造了良好的工作环境、有利于实现人权保障的需要等方面进行阐述。第三章是对相关规定存在的问题进行分析，第一节指出存在内容重复、对民事、行政诉讼活动的法律监督规定缺乏机制保障、保障检察官独立的规定缺失等问题。第二节分析产生以上问题的原因，为下文提出改进意见做好铺垫。第四章就如何完善省级人大常委会关于加强检察机关诉讼监督工作，笔者提出自己的建议。第一节针对相关规定存在重复问题提出规范省级人大常委会立法行为方面的建议；第二节针对相关规定对民事、行政诉讼活动监督缺少机制保障的问题，提出通过制定《关于加强人民检察院民事执行检察监督的决定》、《关于人民检察院参与行政公益诉讼的决定》，赋予检察机关民事执行监督权、行政公益诉讼权，完善检察机关的法律监督职能；第三节针对相关规定未能保障检察官独立的问题，提出省级人大常委会通过增设保障检察官独立方面的规定，以确保检察机关独立行使职权。
[Abstract]:The Provincial People's Congress of the People's Congress of the People's Congress of the People's Congress of the People's Congress of the People's Republic of China is a part of the local legislation. It is an important means of the people's standing committee of the provincial level to exercise the power of legislative power and supervision on the basis of the local specific conditions, and the procuratorial organs act as the legal supervision organ of the constitution. The functions of the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of the People's Republic of China must also be regulated and restricted by the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress. As the function of the legal supervision of the procuratorial organs is not enough, it is not necessary to meet the needs of the development of the social economy and the perfection of the judicial system. In particular, in the field of legislation, the provisions in this respect are too single, too principle, and cannot be used in practice in practice, which limits the function of the procuratorial organs. Therefore, in order to strengthen the legal supervision function of the procuratorial organs, 31 provincial people's congresses at the provincial level have issued resolutions or decisions on the legal supervision of the litigation activities. This is a necessary stage of the process of judicial reform and the rule of law in our country, which is adapted to the needs of the new situation and the new development. And for these resolutions, the nature of the decision and its constitutionality, the question of legality, is that we must first be clear. In the author's opinion, only the constitutional positioning of the provincial people's congresses and the procuratorial organs should be clarified, the legislative power of the provincial people's congresses and the functions of the procuratorial organs should be clearly defined, so that the meaning and the existing problems of these provisions can be accurately recognized, and further suggestions are put forward. In order to make the provincial people's congresses at the provincial level to strengthen the function of the supervision and supervision of the procuratorial organs. This paper is divided into four parts, according to the way of layer-by-layer progressive, the comprehensive application of the method of the method, such as the analysis of the list, the comparison of the list, etc., from the legislative basis to the content analysis, then the problem is found, and finally the suggestions are put forward, so that the reason is stronger and the logic is more complete. In order to make the readers have a more comprehensive and clear recognition of the provisions of the 31 provincial people's congresses on strengthening the supervision of the prosecution of the procuratorial organs The first chapter starts with the basic outline of the function of strengthening the supervision function of the procuratorial organs of the people's congresses at the provincial level. In the first part, the first part introduces the basic concepts such as the legislative power of the people's standing committee of the provincial level, the supervision function of the procuratorial organs and the nature of the relevant regulations. The second section will give a detailed description of the specific contents of the relevant regulations, and make clear that the Provincial People's Congress of the Provincial People's Congress shall strengthen the supervision of the litigation of the procuratorial organs The second chapter has affirmed the important meaning of the relevant regulations, which is divided into four sections, which are in accordance with the spirit of the constitution, make up for the imperfection of the three-law procedure law, improve the mechanism of the prosecution supervision of the procuratorial organs, and create a good foundation for the procuratorial organs The working environment, which is conducive to the realization of the needs of human rights protection, etc. The third chapter is to analyze the problems existing in the relevant regulations. In the first section, the author points out that there is the repetition of the content, and the legal supervision of the activities of civil and administrative proceedings is not guaranteed by the mechanism, and the independence of the public procurator is guaranteed. The second section analyzes the causes of the above problems and changes the following The fourth chapter is to improve the work of the provincial people's congress on strengthening the supervision of the procuratorial organs. The author put forward his own suggestion. In the first section, the author put forward some suggestions to regulate the legislative behavior of the provincial people's congress in the light of the repetition of the relevant regulations, and the second section is to supervise the civil and administrative litigation activities in the light of the relevant provisions. In the absence of the guarantee of the mechanism, the author puts forward the decision to strengthen the civil enforcement of the procuratorial supervision by the people's procuratorate, and the decision of the people's procuratorate to take part in the administrative public interest litigation. The legal supervision function of the organ; the third section fails to guarantee the independence of the public procurator in the light of the relevant provisions, and submits the provisions of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of the Provincial People's Congress to ensure the independence of the public procurator, so as to ensure the inspection
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D624;D926.34

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