论技术侦查的检察监督

发布时间：2019-06-02 14:36

【摘要】：按照社会契约理论，公民为了保全自己的生存环境和更多的利益，愿意让渡自己一部分或全部的权利给国家，这就导致侦查权限制和剥夺公民人身、自由、财产等权利的合法化。随着社会的发展，人民面临的生存环境逐渐复杂化，危险也逐渐增多，人民希望国家保护的愿望更加强烈，此时便让渡了更多的权利给国家，扩大国家权力的范围。技术侦查权便是社会转型期人民让渡出来的权利。但人们不是无条件的将这些权利让渡出来，人们将其让渡出来是要求该权力可以依法、有序的运行，且行使的目的是为了保障人民的人身权益和财产权益的。检察机关是我国刑事诉讼的监督机关，是保障这些权力可以有序、健康运行的“法之看守人”，检察机关通过行使立案监督、侦查监督、审判监督、执行监督等监督权，来保障刑事诉讼法有序运行。本文的重点是技术侦查的检察监督，期望通过对我国技术侦查检察监督机制的理论探究，针对我国技术侦查措施的现状与原因分析，构架与完善我国技术侦查检察监督制度。全文分为以下五章：第一章技术侦查检察监督的法理基础。本章先通过对技术侦查措施的概念界定以及与其他相关概念的辨析对技术侦查内涵作了基本的阐述。接着对检察权的属性进行了探讨，在此基础上对检察监督的概念进行了界定，明确了检察监督与侦查监督权的职能配置。第二章技术侦查检察监督确立的理论基础。本章分两个部分，首先是侦查监督的正当性分析，从分权制衡理论、正当程序理论、人权保障与权利救济理论三个理论层次进行分析。其次再从一般到特殊，探讨了技术侦查措施检察监督的必要性。第三章我国技术侦查检察监督现状与原因分析。本章从立法层面、司法实践层面对我国检察监督的现状进行介绍，再深层次的分析造成这些现状的原因，，为下文中有针对性的解决问题，完善机制打下基础。第四章域外国家技术侦查法律监督的经验借鉴。本章通过对国外技术侦查法律监督进行全面考量，域外国家的事前的司法审查程序、严格的技侦材料处理制度、技术侦查措施必要性原则以及利用非法证据排除规则将违法技术侦查取得的证据材料予以排除制度对完善我国技术侦查检察监督具有良好的借鉴意义，为下文我国技术侦查检察监督制度的完善奠定基础。第五章我国技术侦查检察监督的完善建议。本章分为两个部分，首先设计了我国技术侦查检察监督的途径，通过事前、事中、事后三个阶段分别对技术侦查实现静态控制、动态控制以及事后监督控制。其次再对技术侦查检察监督程序进行细化，以期通过程序的细化来保障我国技术侦查措施有效、有序的运行。
[Abstract]:According to the theory of social contract, in order to preserve their living environment and more interests, citizens are willing to transfer some or all of their rights to the state, which leads to the restriction and deprivation of citizens' personal and liberty. The legalization of property and other rights. With the development of society, the living environment faced by the people is becoming more and more complicated and the danger is gradually increasing. The people's desire for the protection of the state is stronger. At this time, more rights are granted to the state and the scope of state power is expanded. The right of technical investigation is the right transferred by the people in the period of social transformation. However, people do not transfer these rights unconditionally, people transfer them to demand that the power can operate in accordance with the law and orderly, and the purpose of exercising is to protect the personal and property rights and interests of the people. The procuratorial organ is the supervisory organ of the criminal procedure in our country, and it is the "caretaker of the law" who guarantees the orderly and healthy operation of these powers. The procuratorial organ exercises the supervision power of filing, investigating and supervising, supervising the trial, carrying out the supervision, etc. To ensure the orderly operation of the criminal procedure law. The focus of this paper is the procuratorial supervision of technical investigation. It is expected that through the theoretical exploration of the procuratorial supervision mechanism of technical investigation in our country, the present situation and causes of technical investigation measures in our country are analyzed, and the procuratorial supervision system of technical investigation in our country is constructed and improved. The full text is divided into the following five chapters: the first chapter is the legal basis of technical investigation procuratorial supervision. This chapter first defines the concept of technical investigation measures and discriminates with other related concepts to make a basic exposition of the connotation of technical investigation. Then it discusses the attribute of procuratorial power, on this basis, defines the concept of procuratorial supervision, and clarifies the functional allocation of procuratorial supervision and investigative supervision power. The second chapter is the theoretical basis for the establishment of technical investigation procuratorial supervision. This chapter is divided into two parts, the first is the legitimacy analysis of investigation supervision, from the theory of separation of powers and checks and balances, due process theory, human rights protection and right relief theory three theoretical levels of analysis. Secondly, from general to special, this paper probes into the necessity of procuratorial supervision of technical investigation measures. The third chapter is the analysis of the present situation and causes of the procuratorial supervision of technical investigation in our country. This chapter introduces the present situation of procuratorial supervision in our country from the legislative level and judicial practice level, and then deeply analyzes the reasons for these present situation, which lays the foundation for solving the problems and perfecting the mechanism below. The fourth chapter is the experience of technical investigation legal supervision in foreign countries. This chapter carries on the comprehensive consideration to the foreign technical investigation legal supervision, the foreign country prior judicial review procedure, the strict technical investigation material processing system, The principle of necessity of technical investigation measures and the exclusion system of evidence materials obtained by illegal technical investigation by using illegal evidence exclusion rules have good reference significance for perfecting the procuratorial supervision of technical investigation in our country. It lays the foundation for the perfection of the procuratorial supervision system of technical investigation in our country. The fifth chapter is the suggestion of perfecting the procuratorial supervision of technical investigation in our country. This chapter is divided into two parts. Firstly, it designs the way of procuratorial supervision of technical investigation in our country, and realizes static control, dynamic control and supervision control after the event through three stages: before, during and after the event. Secondly, the procedure of procuratorial supervision of technical investigation is refined in order to ensure the effective and orderly operation of technical investigation measures in our country through the refinement of procedures.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2;D926.3

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