法庭辩论中的礼貌策略与劝说

发布时间：2021-04-07 12:39

　　本文采用语言学理论，对法庭辩论中律师使用的礼貌策略进行研究，旨在发现主要的礼貌策略和其语言实现形式，并揭示礼貌策略对律师在法庭辩论中实现最终的劝说目的所起的作用。 根据Brown和Levinson的面子保全理论，我们在汉、英法庭辩论的语料中辨别出三种礼貌策略：积极礼貌策略，消极礼貌策略和非公开的礼貌策略。研究表明，尽管中美法庭辩论在语言和法律制度上有所不同，但其礼貌策略的使用却存在很大的相似性。中美律师在法庭辩论中最常用的是消极礼貌策略，其次是积极礼貌策略和非公开的礼貌策略；律师最常用的实现礼貌的语言形式依次是：模糊限制语、说话人和听话人非个人化、提供原因、表达尊重、设问以及把说话人和听话人都包括在同一项活动中等。 此外，详细的分析还表明，法庭辩论中使用礼貌策略与日常对话中使用礼貌策略所发挥的作用并不相同。律师使用礼貌策略并不仅只是协调人际关系；律师通过礼貌策略能够与法官或陪审团建立融洽的关系，从而更好地实现最终的劝说目的。 我们希望，本文的研究能够有助于加深对礼貌策略的了解，认识礼貌对于实现劝说的作用；有助于律师更好地利用礼貌策略，从而使自己的法庭辩论更具有说服力。 

【文章来源】：广东外语外贸大学广东省

【文章页数】：115 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Declaration
Acknowledgement
Abstract （English）
Abstract（Chinese）
Contents
List of Figures and Tables
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 The Rationale of the Study
    1.3 Objectives of the Study
    1.4 Data and Methodology
    1.5 The Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Review of the Relevant Literature
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Studies on Persuasion in Court Arguments
        2.2.1 Studies on persuasion in Chinese court arguments
        2.2.2 Studies on persuasion in English court arguments
    2.3 Studies on Politeness
        2.3.1 The social-norm view
        2.3.2 The conversational-maxim view
        2.3.3 The face-saving view
        2.3.4 The conversational-contract view
    2.4 The Application of B&L's Politeness Model
    2.5 The Study on Politeness in Legal Context
    2.6 Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework and Procedures
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 The Theoretical Framework of the Present Study
        3.2.1 The definition
        3.2.2 Politeness, rapport and persuasion
        3.2.3 B&L's politeness model
        3.2.4 Theoretical framework
    3.3 Procedures
        3.3.1 The use of politeness strategies in court arguments
        3.3.2 The persuasive function of the politeness strategies
    3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 The Uses of Politeness Strategies in Court Arguments
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Positive Politeness Strategies
        4.2.1 Notice or attend to H's wants/needs/interests/goods
        4.2.2 Avoid disagreement
        4.2.3 Offer, promise
        4.2.4 Be optimistic
        4.2.5 Include both S and H in the Activity
        4.2.6 Give （or ask for） reasons
        4.2.7 Give gifts to H
    4.3 Negative Politeness Strategies
        4.3.1 Be conventionally indirect
        4.3.2 Hedge
        4.3.3 Minimize the imposition
        4.3.4 Give deference
        4.3.5 Apologize
        4.3.6 Impersonalize S and H
    4.4 Off Record Strategies
        4.4.1 Understate
        4.4.2 Be ironic
        4.4.3 Use rhetorical questions
        4.4.4 Displace H
    4.5 The Occurrences of the Politeness Strategies in Court Arguments
        4.5.1 The frequency of the politeness strategies and the linguistic means
        4.5.2 Discussion
    4.6 Summary
Chapter 5 The Persuasive Function of the Politeness Strategies
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Persuasion in the Beginning Parts of Court Arguments
        5.2.1 Persuasion in the beginning part of Chinese court argument
        5.2.2 Persuasion in the beginning part of English court argument
    5.3 Persuasion in the Body Parts of Court Arguments
        5.3.1 Persuasion in the body part of Chinese court argument
        5.3.2 Persuasion in the body part of English court argument
    5.4 Persuasion in the Ending Parts of Court Arguments
        5.4.1 Persuasion in the ending part of Chinese court argument
        5.4.2 Persuasion in the ending part of English court argument
    5.5 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion
    6.1 Summary of the Present Study
    6.2 Conclusions
    6.3 Implications
    6.4 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research
Appendix A Data Used in the Present Research
Appendix B Translation of the Chinese Data
References


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