瑕疵股权转让合同效力的认定及民事责任承担

发布时间：2018-02-16 00:59

本文关键词： 瑕疵股权有限公司合同效力股权转让责任承担　出处：《上海交通大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于瑕疵股权转让所引发的法律问题,各地司法部门曾相继出台过一些指导意见。但是由于各地法院理解不一,导致这类案件裁判结果相互矛盾,严重影响了司法裁判的公信力。近年来,有关瑕疵股权转让的案件大量出现,这引起了商法学界和实务界的高度关注。为解决审判实践中该类问题,最高人民法院在近期出台的《中华人民共和国公司法若干问题的规定(三)》(以下简称“公司法解释(三)”)中对瑕疵出资股东权利的限制以及受让人在知情情况下的责任承担问题作出了明确规定。但该解释对瑕疵股权转让引发的问题仍留有大量空白,瑕疵股权转让中仍存在诸多的疑难问题尚待解决,如:瑕疵股权转让合同效力的认定;瑕疵股权转让合同双方对公司、守约股东及公司债权人的责任承担问题等。本文主要分析有限责任公司中瑕疵股权转让合同效力认定及民事责任承担的法律问题。笔者在对瑕疵股权转让相关问题进行梳理的基础上,根据合同法和公司法的一般原则,对瑕疵股权转让合同的效力认定及合同双方责任承担做出法理解释,以期为审判实践提供参考。本文一共分为三个部分: 第一章是瑕疵股权转让概述。首先,界定了瑕疵股权的一般含义并介绍其分类。本文中,笔者对瑕疵股权转让相关问题的探讨是指从其狭义,即由于股东出资瑕疵而导致的瑕疵股权转让问题;其次,笔者对瑕疵股权的可转让性进行了分析。笔者的结论是股东瑕疵出资并不必然要否定其股东资格,瑕疵股权可以作为股权转让的客体,但是也应当对瑕疵股权出让人的权利进行适当限制。第二章围绕瑕疵股权转让合同效力进行分析。笔者首先对瑕疵股权转让合同效力的各种学说进行了评析,并得出了“区分对待说”具有相对合理性的结论。笔者接下来对瑕疵股权转让合同效力的认定方法进行了阐述,即可通过对瑕疵股权转让人及受让人的意思表示来界定瑕疵股权转让合同的效力,并在此列举了一些司法案例与相关规定以说明司法实践部门在此问题上的态度,从而佐证笔者观点。第三章探讨了瑕疵股权转让后瑕疵出资责任承担问题。对于责任的承担,理论界与实务界众说纷纭,为探讨较为合理的解决思路,笔者对责任承担的不同学说进行了评析,并列举了各地司法机关相关规定及案例。在此基础上,笔者以责任对象为划分标准,详细讨论了瑕疵出资股东与受让人对公司、守约股东以及公司债权人的民事责任。
[Abstract]:With regard to the legal issues arising from the transfer of defective shares, the local judicial authorities have issued some guidance opinions one after another. However, due to the different understandings of the courts in various localities, the judicial results of such cases are contradictory. In recent years, there have been a large number of cases concerning the transfer of defective shares, which has aroused great concern in the field of business law and practice. In order to solve this kind of problems in trial practice, The restrictions on the Rights of defective investors in the recent provisions of the people's Republic of China's Company Law (3) (hereinafter referred to as "Company Law interpretation (3)") and the informed circumstances of the transferee. However, this explanation still leaves a large number of gaps in the problems arising from the transfer of defective shares. There are still many difficult problems to be solved in the transfer of defective shares, such as the determination of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract, the liability of the parties to the defective equity transfer contract to the company, the shareholders in compliance and the creditors of the company, and so on. This paper mainly analyzes the legal problems of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract and the civil liability in the limited liability company. On the basis of combing the related problems of the defective equity transfer, the author bases on the general principles of the contract law and the company law. In order to provide reference for the trial practice, the author makes a legal explanation of the validity of the defective equity transfer contract and the liability of both parties to the contract. This paper is divided into three parts:. The first chapter is an overview of the transfer of defective equity. Firstly, it defines the general meaning of defective equity and introduces its classification. In this paper, the author discusses the problems related to the transfer of defective equity from its narrow sense. Secondly, the author analyzes the transferability of defective shares. The conclusion is that the defective capital contribution does not necessarily negate the qualification of shareholders. Defective equity can be regarded as the object of equity transfer, but it should also restrict the rights of the transferor. The second chapter analyzes the validity of the defective equity transfer contract. Finally, the author concludes that the theory of differentiated treatment is relatively reasonable. Then, the author expounds the methods of determining the validity of the contract of transfer of defective shares. We can define the validity of the defective equity transfer contract by means of the expression of intention of the transferor and the transferee of defective equity, and enumerate some judicial cases and relevant provisions to illustrate the attitude of judicial practice departments on this issue. Thus supporting the author's point of view. The third chapter discusses the responsibility of defective capital contribution after the transfer of defective shares. There are different opinions on the responsibility of the liability, in order to explore a more reasonable solution, the author comments on different theories of responsibility. On the basis of this, the author discusses the civil liability of the shareholders and the transferee of defective capital contribution to the company, the contract holders and the creditors of the company.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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