公司章程对股权转让限制性规定问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 19:30

本文关键词： 公司章程人合性股权转让控制权公司自治　出处：《贵州民族大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的公司法对股权转让这一问题既有法定限制又有公司章程可以设置的章定限制,但是章定限制仅适用于有限责任公司,并且对于章定限制能够做何种类、何程度的限制也并未明示。因此在公司章程对股权设置限制的司法实践中存在诸多问题,比如实践中法院常为保护股权自由流通而适用71条的前三款致按照公司章程规定无法实现的股权转让行为完成。但对于离职必须转让股份这种限制股权保有的行为却单一的以公司章程进行判定以保护人合性。同时,我国对于公司分类上只有有限公司及股份公司的一刀切的模式,也导致与有限公司情形相差不大且有很高自主性需求的非公众性的股份公司无法在章程中对股份转让进行限定。本文通过分析这些问题,通过分析股权价值、公司的人合性、公司章程的性质和作用探究章程设限的原因及正当性,第71条前三款是任意性规范不需要在公司章程有特殊规定时适用;以及股权转让的本质冲突是对控制权的冲击、即对人合性的冲击,而股权自由流通最大价值最终指向的是财产权的取回,因而只要有救济措施,就应当承认章程自治的转让限制;并且公司章程设置的限制也应当具有一定的边界限制,比如应当禁止完全的禁止股权转让的限制。同时,本文也提出了如何在现有的法律框架内灵活的解决公司股权转让中人合性及资合性冲突的一些方式。
[Abstract]:The company law of our country not only has legal restrictions on the transfer of shares, but also has the regulations which can be set up by the articles of association of the company, but the chapter limits are only applicable to limited liability companies, and what kind of restrictions can be done for them. Therefore, there are many problems in the judicial practice of setting restrictions on the ownership of the company's articles of association. For example, in practice, the court often applies the first three paragraphs of 71 articles of law in order to protect the free circulation of shares. The act of transfer of shares which cannot be realized in accordance with the articles of association is completed. However, in case of separation, the transfer of shares must be done in such a way as to restrict the ownership of shares. For the sole purpose of judging by the articles of association in order to protect the compatibility of persons. At the same time, In our country, there is only a one-size-fits-all model of limited companies and joint-stock companies for the classification of companies. It also leads to the fact that non-public joint-stock companies, which are not different from the limited companies and have a high demand for autonomy, are unable to limit the transfer of shares in the articles of association. By analyzing these problems and analyzing the value of equity, the paper analyzes the human nature of the company. The nature and function of the articles of association explore the reasons and legitimacy of the articles of association, the first three paragraphs of Article 71 are that the rules of arbitrariness do not need to be applied when there are special provisions in the articles of association, and the essential conflict of the transfer of shares is the impact on the right of control. That is, the impact on the human nature, and the maximum value of the free circulation of equity ultimately points to the recovery of property rights, so long as there are relief measures, we should recognize the transfer restrictions of the autonomy of the articles of association; And the restrictions set by the articles of association of the company should also have certain boundary restrictions, such as the prohibition of complete restrictions on the transfer of shares. At the same time, This paper also puts forward some flexible ways to solve the conflicts between ownership and capital in the existing legal framework.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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