乌克兰公司经理人法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 16:21

本文关键词： 公司经理资格职权法律责任　出处：《哈尔滨工程大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文是关于公司经理法律制度研究，主要包括公司经理资格、职权和法律责任。随着公司经理地位的不断提高，公司经理资格及职权的膨胀已经严重侵害到公司和股东的利益。如何完善公司经理权限制度，使其既能满足公司经营管理的需要，又能防止被不法滥用所产生的各种问题，已经引起了乌克兰的普遍重视。因此，本文再现了经理的历史演变，并对完善乌克兰经理法律制度，即对完善经理人权限制度进行了全面检审并提出了许多完善建议。完善经理职权的主要方法在于明确乌克兰经理代理权，赋予经理对外代表公司所有必要的权利，以及在章程或聘任合同中来确定其权限。这样才可以避免经理职权产生的矛盾，提高公司经营工作的自治权，并且可以保护公司的利益。公司经理属于公司管理阶层的顶端、进行公司日常经营管理活动，并在法律关系上由公司董事会聘任。乌克兰公司开始由股东大会、监事会和经理委员会来进行国家企业治理。公司经理行使职权主要体现在内部的管理权和对外的代理权。经理对外代理权是基于保护交易安全和促进交易效率，同时规定内部限制不得对抗善意第三人。经理在进行公司内部管理对外履行职责时，都会对公司产生重大影响。乌克兰《公司法》缺乏许多相应的法条。通过乌克兰有关经理法律责任的立法研究，分别分析了经理应当承担的民事、行政和刑事法律责任。一些学者认为，公司与公司组织机关的关系之间是代表关系，而另一部分的国内研究人员认为经理人员本身并不代表法人，公司组织机关是该法人组成部分，以他的名义来代表该法人，因此，出现了有关管理人员应当如何承担法律责任的问题。现有的经理法律制度尚有待进一步改进的地方。乌克兰立法应当加强经理对公司的民事责任，同时应建立经理对第三人的民事责任制度。在制定执行机关成员承担赔偿责任时，应该考虑到他们与企业之间是否存在劳动关系，即应当在乌克兰《劳动法典》作出相应的补充；企业应该具有相当职位的名单；应当规定企业的经理获得自然人企业家的地位，，并使用区别对待的方法规定管理者赔偿责任的问题。此外，对大中小型企业的经理人赔偿责任应当采取不同的态度来调整其法律关系。
[Abstract]:This article is about the company manager legal system research, mainly includes the company manager qualification, the authority and the legal responsibility. The expansion of company manager's qualification and authority has seriously infringed on the interests of the company and shareholders. How to perfect the system of company manager's authority so that it can not only meet the needs of company management, but also prevent all kinds of problems caused by illegal abuse. Therefore, this paper reproduces the historical evolution of managers, and improves the legal system of managers in Ukraine. That is to say, a comprehensive examination and examination of the system of the authority of managers has been carried out and many suggestions have been put forward. The main method of perfecting the authority of managers lies in clarifying the power of agency of managers in Ukraine and giving managers all necessary rights on behalf of the company. And in the articles of association or employment contract to determine its authority, so as to avoid the contradiction of the manager's authority, improve the autonomy of the company's operation, and protect the interests of the company. The company manager, who is at the top of the company's management, is engaged in the day-to-day management of the company and in legal relations is appointed by the board of directors of the company. The Ukrainian company begins with a general meeting of shareholders. The board of supervisors and the committee of managers carry out state corporate governance. The company managers exercise their functions and powers mainly reflected in the internal management power and the external agency power. The manager's external agency power is based on the protection of transaction security and the promotion of transaction efficiency. At the same time, it is stipulated that internal restrictions shall not be used against bona fide third parties. When the manager performs his duties outside the company for internal management, The company law of Ukraine lacks many corresponding regulations. Through the legislative research on the legal liability of managers in Ukraine, the author analyzes separately the civil rights that managers should bear. Administrative and criminal liability. Some scholars believe that the relationship between a company and the organization of a company is representative, while another group of domestic researchers believe that managers do not represent legal persons themselves. The organizational organ of the company is an integral part of the legal person and represents the legal person in his name. Therefore, Where the existing legal system of managers needs to be further improved. Ukrainian legislation should strengthen the civil liability of managers to companies, At the same time, the civil liability system of the manager to the third party should be established. In formulating the liability of the members of the executive organ for compensation, consideration should be given to whether there is a labor relationship between them and the enterprise. That is, it should be supplemented in the Ukrainian Labour Code; the enterprises should have a list of equivalent positions; and the managers of the enterprises should be provided with the status of natural person entrepreneurs, In addition, different attitudes should be taken to adjust the legal relationship of managers' liability in small and medium enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D951.13;DD912.5;DD912.29

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