股东瑕疵出资民事责任问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 15:28

本文选题：股东出资瑕疵 + 资本制度　；参考：《河南师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济社会高度发展的今天,公司作为市场交易中的主体,公司法作为经济贸易中的重要规范,其地位越来越重要。在我国,改革开放以后随着中国特色社会主义市场经济体制的逐步完善,公司也逐步展示其活力。在公司制度中,股东出资是公司设立的基础,是公司正常运营的物质保证,是公司信用体系的根本保障。股东的出资义务无论从法定还是约定的角度讲,都关系到公司的法人人格,公司其他股东、公司债权人的利益。在现实社会中,我国公司股东出资瑕疵的问题十分严重,已经影响到整个经济社会的正常运转,对公司的信用体制造成极大地影响,股东出资存在瑕疵,影响公司的法人人格,侵害公司财产,使得公司的章程名存实亡。出资瑕疵的股东享受着和出资不对价的股权,对其他履行出资义务的股东来说是不公平的。严重出资瑕疵的行为导致公司的经济利益受到侵害,影响公司的正常运营,对公司的债权人是一种威胁。新公司法颁布之后,理论界对股东出资制度已经进行了许多改变,但是其中仍然存在些许不足。为了维护市场交易的高效、稳定,为了维持经济社会的安定、繁荣,对于股东出资瑕疵民事责任需要深入分析,对于公司法关于股东出资瑕疵的制度也需要重新建构。本文从国内外研究现状入手,通过分析不同资本制度对股东出资义务的影响,阐述股东出资的义务性质。进而对瑕疵出资的概念和特征进行深入分析,揭示当下不同观点的优劣,并构成文章的逻辑起点。通过细致分析不同的资本制度,不同的资本制度对公司资本信用的态度不同,对股东出资的规制程度也不同,得出在我国资本制度下,瑕疵出资股东在公司中的法律地位,为研究责任认定做下铺垫。股东出资瑕疵对多方主体构成侵害,自然要承担相应的民事责任,分析瑕疵出资股东对公司法人人格、公司其他股东和公司债券人所承担的民事责任。目的在于希望能借鉴先进国家的实践经验,从理论上丰富对股东出资瑕疵的民事责任的研究,完善我国公司法对出资瑕疵的制度体系。在现实中,根据我国的特有的经济制度、文化环境结合我国的资本制度,对公司法的修改提出建议,以期促进我国经济发展更加稳定、协调,企业发展更加快速、壮大,未来我国的法制环境和经济环境更加良好。
[Abstract]:With the high development of economy and society, the company as the main body in the market transaction and the company law as the important norm in the economic and trade, its status is becoming more and more important. In China, with the gradual improvement of socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics after reform and opening up, the company has gradually demonstrated its vitality. In the company system, shareholder's contribution is the foundation of the company's establishment, the material guarantee of the company's normal operation, and the fundamental guarantee of the company's credit system. The contribution obligation of shareholders is related to the legal personality of the company, the interests of other shareholders and the creditors of the company, whether from the legal point of view or from the point of view of agreement. In the real society, the defect of the shareholders' contribution is very serious in our country, which has affected the normal operation of the whole economy and society, and has a great influence on the credit system of the company. The defect of the shareholder's capital contribution affects the corporate personality of the company. Encroaches upon the company's property, causes the company's constitution to exist in name. It is unfair to other shareholders who fulfill their obligation to contribute. The serious defect of capital contribution results in the infringement of the economic interests of the company and affects the normal operation of the company, which is a threat to the creditors of the company. After the promulgation of the new Company Law, many changes have been made to the shareholder contribution system in the theoretical circle, but there are still some deficiencies. In order to maintain the efficiency and stability of the market transactions, to maintain the stability and prosperity of the economy and society, the civil liability of shareholders' investment defects needs to be deeply analyzed, and the system of shareholders' investment defects in the company law also needs to be re-constructed. This paper begins with the current research situation at home and abroad, analyzes the influence of different capital systems on shareholder's contribution obligation, and expounds the nature of shareholder's contribution obligation. Then the concept and characteristics of defective investment are deeply analyzed to reveal the merits and demerits of different viewpoints and constitute the logical starting point of the article. Through careful analysis of different capital systems, different capital systems have different attitudes to corporate capital credit and different levels of regulation on shareholders' capital contribution. It is concluded that under the capital system of our country, the legal status of defective capital investors in the company is different. Lay the groundwork for the determination of research responsibility. The defect of shareholders' contribution will infringe on many subjects, so it is natural to bear the corresponding civil liability, and to analyze the civil liability of the defective shareholders to the corporate personality, other shareholders and debentures of the company. The purpose is to draw lessons from the practical experience of advanced countries, enrich the research on the civil liability of shareholders' defect of capital contribution theoretically, and perfect the system of the defect of capital contribution in the company law of our country. In reality, according to our country's unique economic system and the cultural environment combined with our country's capital system, some suggestions are put forward for the amendment of the company law, in order to promote the economic development of our country to be more stable and coordinated, and the enterprises to develop faster and stronger. In the future, China's legal and economic environment will be better.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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