我国有限责任公司中隐名出资若干法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 18:37

本文选题：隐名出资 + 隐名股东　；参考：《华东政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国由于现行法律对当前市场经济领域中大量存在的隐名出资现象缺乏明确的法律规定,为此司法实践中对该问题的处理各不相同,有时甚至矛盾。故本文以我国有限责任公司隐名出资为研究对象,采用演绎归纳方法对此现象中的几个典型法律问题加以分析探讨。本文除引言及结语外,正文共分四章,字数约3.5万字左右,主要阐述了以下四个法律问题: 一、关于隐名出资人与隐名股东关系问题本文从隐名出资的基本理论出发,阐述了隐名出资的历史起源、产生原因、法律特征、基本分类及法律效力。并在对隐名出资、隐名出资人、隐名股东等概念进行厘清界定的基础上提出:隐名出资人不等同于隐名股东,隐名股东只是隐名出资人众多类型中的一种类型。同时提出隐名出资人成为隐名股东的两大条件:1、隐名出资人基于成为公司股东或享有股东权利承担股东义务的意思而向公司出资。2、隐名出资之出资行为不存在违法性,应为非规避法律的隐名出资。二、关于隐名股东法律地位认定问题本文从目前法学理论界关于隐名股东法律地位认定的代表性学说实质说、形式说、区别说的评析出发,提出:应以最大限度保障各方利益为目标,遵循商法提高商事交易效率及保障商事交易安全原则,坚持商法公示外观主义,平衡各方利益,将隐名股东法律地位认定标准在原有形式说的基础上进一步提升为“以形式说为原则,但允许隐名股东转化为公司股东为例外”的一元处理标准。同时提出了隐名股东转化为公司股东的三大条件:1、实际出资或依法继受他人合法持有之公司出资资本;2、公司其他股东同意或认可;3、不损害他人已有之重大合法利益;同时分析了隐名股东转化为公司股东的程序、转化结果及法律关系变化。三、关于我国现行立法及司法实务对隐名出资现象规制问题本文从我国隐名出资立法现状出发,阐述了我国目前现行法律对隐名出资问题态度的模糊性以及司法解释的凌乱性和不统一性。并且重点对2011年2月16日正式生效施行的最高人民法院《关于适用〈中华人民共和国公司法〉若干问题的规定(三)》相关条款进行评析,提出了自己的见解。四、关于对我国有限责任公司隐名出资法律规制建议问题本文在前述问题的分析探讨下,对规制隐名出资问题提出笔者的建议:正确处理我国有限责任公司隐名出资问题应从微观和宏观两个角度出发:微观角度从公司法角度完善现行法律规则来规制隐名股东出资问题;宏观角度在现有基本法律框架下推广和倡导新的投资方式,如股权信托投资、隐名代理投资等,将隐名出资现象导向更加制度化、规范化的方向发展。同时提出了应明确制定相关法律规则来规制规避法律隐名出资的建议。
[Abstract]:Due to the lack of clear legal provisions on the phenomenon of anonymous capital contribution in the current market economy in our country, the handling of this problem in judicial practice is different, sometimes even contradictory. Therefore, this paper takes the anonymous contribution of limited liability company as the research object, and analyzes several typical legal problems in this phenomenon by deductive inductive method. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into four chapters, about 35000 words, mainly elaborated on the following four legal issues: first, On the relationship between anonymous investors and anonymous shareholders this paper expounds the historical origin, causes, legal characteristics, basic classification and legal effect of anonymous capital contribution from the perspective of the basic theory of anonymous capital contribution. On the basis of defining the concepts of anonymous capital contribution, anonymous investor and dormant shareholder, this paper puts forward that the anonymous investor is not equal to the anonymous shareholder, and the dormant shareholder is only one of the many types of the anonymous investor. At the same time, the paper puts forward two major conditions for anonymous investors to become dormant shareholders: 1. The anonymous investors contribute to the company based on the intention of becoming shareholders or having the rights and obligations of shareholders. Contributions should be made by anonymous names that are not circumvention of the law. Second, regarding the legal status of dormant shareholders, this paper starts from the representative theory of the legal status of dormant shareholders in the field of legal theory, the theory of form, and the analysis of the theory of distinction. It is proposed that the aim should be to maximize the protection of the interests of all parties, follow the principles of improving the efficiency of commercial transactions and safeguarding the security of commercial transactions, adhere to the doctrine of publicity of the public appearance of commercial law, and balance the interests of all parties. On the basis of the original form theory, the standard of legal status of dormant shareholders is further promoted to the unitary standard of "taking form as the principle, but allowing hidden shareholders to be transformed into corporate shareholders as the exception". At the same time, the paper puts forward three major conditions for the transformation of dormant shareholders into shareholders of the company: 1, the actual capital contribution or the capital contribution of the company legally held by others, and the consent or approval of the other shareholders of the company do not harm the significant legal interests of others; At the same time, it analyzes the procedure, the result of transformation and the change of legal relationship between the dormant shareholders and the shareholders of the company. Third, the current legislation and judicial practice of our country to the phenomenon of anonymous capital contribution regulation of the problem this article from our country anonymous contribution legislation status quo, This paper expounds the fuzziness of the attitude of the current law of our country to the problem of anonymous capital contribution and the disunity and disunity of the judicial interpretation. This paper also makes an analysis of the relevant provisions of the Supreme people's Court concerning the application of the Company Law of the people's Republic of China, which came into effect on February 16, 2011, and puts forward its own opinions. Fourth, on the legal regulation of limited liability companies' anonymous contribution, this paper analyzes and discusses the above issues. This paper puts forward the author's suggestion on regulating anonymous capital contribution: to deal with the problem of anonymous capital contribution of limited liability companies in our country correctly, we should start from the micro and macro angles: from the micro angle, we should perfect the current legal rules from the angle of company law. To regulate the problem of anonymous shareholders' contribution; Under the existing basic legal framework, the macro perspective promotes and advocates new investment methods, such as equity trust investment, anonymous agency investment, etc., which leads to a more institutionalized and standardized development of anonymous investment. At the same time, the author puts forward the suggestion that the relevant legal rules should be formulated to regulate the evasion of legal anonymous capital contribution.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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