公司章程对外效力研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 15:25

【摘要】：公司章程是公司自治之基础。在英美法系逐渐废除"越权规则"及"推定知道规则"的当下,公司章程具有对外效力之理论基础便成为争点。然而,透过"多焦镜头"对公司章程之对外效力进行全方位透视后便可发现:我国在公司交易纠纷案件中,受中国传统解纷模式的限制,司法裁判者的司法裁判路径存有过度保护与公司交易相对人之利益的偏失;公司章程已成为"裁判法源",应肯定公司章程部分条款之"溢出效应"这一事实;公司章程乃公司意思表示之书面呈现,交易相对人负有审查公司章程之形式审查义务。公司章程"另有规定"之规范,在适用上取得了优先于《公司法》的地位,在现实中已成为争议的制造者,迫切需要立法及司法机关对公司章程之对外效力予以承认,以终结此争议,减少此类纠纷。但公司章程的对外效力并非没有边界,其止于善意第三人。赋予章程条款对外效力,具有可能性和必要性。
[Abstract]:The articles of association are the basis of corporate autonomy. At present, when the Anglo-American law system gradually abrogated "ultra vires rule" and "presumption of knowledge rule", the theoretical basis of the external validity of the articles of association becomes the point of contention. However, through "multi-focal lens", we can find out that China is limited by the traditional Chinese mode of resolving disputes in the case of company transaction disputes, which is based on a comprehensive perspective of the external effectiveness of the articles of association. The judicial judgment path of judicial adjudicators has excessive protection and partial loss of the interests of the relative parties in the company transaction, the articles of association have become the "source of adjudication law", and the fact that the "spillover effect" of some articles of the articles of association should be affirmed. The articles of association are the written presentation of the expression of intention of the company, and the counterpart of the transaction shall have the obligation to examine the form of the articles of association. The regulation of "otherwise stipulated" in the articles of association has obtained the status of precedence over the Company Law in its application, and it has become a dispute maker in reality, and it is urgent for the legislative and judicial organs to recognize the external effectiveness of the articles of association of the company. To end the dispute and reduce it. However, the external effectiveness of the articles of association is not boundless, it ends in bona fide third party. It is possible and necessary to endow articles of association with external effect.
【作者单位】：厦门大学法学院;
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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