公司僵局及其破解途径研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 11:37

【摘要】： 公司僵局在公司的运行实践中时有发生,各国立法和司法实践均对公司僵局问题给予了不同程度的关注。它的产生的原因极其复杂,与公司当事人以及公司制度本身都有着千丝万缕的联系,且在一定程度上具有不可避免性。严重的公司僵局常常导致公司的正常营业濒临停顿,公司机构处于瘫痪状态,进而对公司、股东、利益相关者及社会整体的利益造成严重的损害,因此,在现实需求上有必要对其予以应对和规制。而寻求预防和化解公司僵局的有效途径,也一直是各国公司法理论探索和实践研究的重要课题。我国新公司法及相关司法解释虽然对公司僵局做出了相应的规定,迈出了规制公司僵局极其重要的第一步,但总体来看,整个调整体系仍然过于粗糙,缺少可操作性,且疏漏较多。相较之下,国外对于公司僵局的研究较早,救济方式也呈现多样化,形成了较为完备的公司僵局救济机制。由于司法强制解散公司的结果是公司人格的消灭,是一种最为严厉的补救措施,国外的法院在公司僵局出现后不仅仅考虑解散公司,还遵循其他权利救济途径穷竭原则,即在仲裁、强制股份收买、任命监管人、任命临时董事等手段缺失或无法解决僵局的情况下,才使用司法解散。针对目前我国有关公司僵局的救济体系不健全、公司僵局立法还不完善的现实状况,在结合美国、德国等国家的先进立法经验和司法实践以及我国公司的运营实践的基础上,笔者提出了在我国现有立法体系下公司僵局的应对措施：充分利用公司章程进行预先安排,防患于未然；重视公司僵局的非司法调解制度,尊重公司自治；发挥商业仲裁的重要作用,最大限度降低僵局对公司的负面影响；引进强制股份收买机制,尽可能的维持公司的经营；建立公司司法分立制度,合理平衡各方利益；完善公司司法解散制度,牢牢守住破解公司僵局的最后一道防线。
[Abstract]:The corporate deadlock occurs from time to time in the company's running practice. The legislation and judicial practice of various countries have paid attention to the corporate deadlock in different degrees. The causes of its emergence are extremely complex, and it is inextricably related to the company parties and the company system itself, and to a certain extent it is inevitable. The serious corporate deadlock often leads to the normal business of the company being brought to a standstill, the corporate organization is paralyzed, and the interests of the company, the shareholders, the stakeholders and the society as a whole are seriously damaged, therefore, It is necessary to deal with and regulate the practical demand. To find an effective way to prevent and resolve the corporate deadlock has been an important subject in the theoretical and practical research of company law in various countries. Although the new company law and related judicial explanation of our country have made the corresponding stipulation to the company deadlock, took the first step of regulating the company deadlock, but in general, the whole adjustment system is still too rough, lack of maneuverability. And many omissions. By contrast, the study of corporate deadlock in foreign countries is earlier, and the relief methods are diversified, forming a relatively complete relief mechanism of corporate deadlock. As the result of judicial compulsory dissolution of the company is the elimination of corporate personality, it is the most severe remedy, foreign courts not only consider the dissolution of the company after the company deadlock, but also follow the principle of exhaustion of other right remedies. In the case of arbitration, forced share buyout, appointment of supervisors, appointment of interim directors, etc. In view of the imperfect relief system and imperfect legislation of corporate deadlock in our country at present, based on the advanced legislative experience and judicial practice of the United States, Germany and other countries, as well as the operation practice of Chinese companies, The author puts forward the countermeasures of corporate deadlock under the current legislative system of our country: make full use of the articles of association to arrange ahead of time to prevent trouble; Pay attention to the non-judicial mediation system of corporate deadlock, respect corporate autonomy; give play to the important role of commercial arbitration, minimize the negative impact of deadlock on the company; introduce mandatory stock buyout mechanism, as far as possible to maintain the company's operation; To establish the system of judicial separation of the company, to balance the interests of all parties reasonably, to perfect the system of judicial dissolution of the company, and to firmly guard the last line of defense to break the deadlock of the company.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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