公司资本制度与债权人利益保护

发布时间：2019-04-20 16:55

【摘要】：公司资本制度在公司法中居于核心地位,故在2005年我国公司法修改的时候,其也是改革的一项重点。伴随着我国新公司法的颁布和实行,我国过去所奉行的那种严格法定资本制度出现了一定程度的缓和与革新。公司资本制度是为了保护债权人的利益而设立,同时也有利于公司的永续发展。能否保护好债权人的利益对于一个公司的发展越来越重要,其原因有二：一是从宏观来看,每家公司都不是孤立的,其必然处于一系列商业交易的债权债务链条之中；二是聚焦到每家具体公司来说,其能否保护债权人的利益对于其后续融资意义重大。所以,如何结合资本制度来保护好公司债权人成为一个积极的热门课题。有鉴于此,本文立足于我国新公司法的现实运行背景,从资本制度出发,力求探索更好地保护债权人的路径。本文共分四个部分：第一部分介绍了公司资本制度的基础理论与资本三原则。主要包括资本相关概念的定义、资本制度的理论基础(有限责任和利益冲突)、三大资本制以及资本三原则,并对资本三原则进行了学理上的反思和审视。第二部分介绍了公司债权人的保护。一一分析了公司债权人的概念及其法律定位、债权人利益保护的必要性等,然后结合我国公司法的实际情况,最后分析了我国公司法是如何对债权人进行保护的。第三部分分析了两个问题,一是最低资本要求与债权人保护的问题,二是资本维持和不变原则与债权人保护的问题,并参考英国公司法的现实情况,和我国公司法的现行制度作了比较分析。第四部分在分析我国公司法对债权人保护不足的基础上,对以后的公司法建设提出了自己的建议,希望能更好地完善我国公司债权人的保护制度。
[Abstract]:The company capital system occupies the core position in the company law, so when the company law of our country was revised in 2005, it was also a key point of the reform. With the promulgation and implementation of China's new company law, the strict legal capital system adopted in the past has been relaxed and innovated to a certain extent. Corporate capital system is established to protect the interests of creditors, but also conducive to the sustainable development of the company. Whether the interests of creditors can be protected is more and more important to the development of a company for two reasons: first, from the macro point of view, each company is not isolated, it must be in a series of commercial transactions in the chain of creditor's rights and debts; Second, focusing on each specific company, whether it can protect the interests of creditors is of great significance to its subsequent financing. Therefore, how to combine the capital system to protect corporate creditors has become an active hot topic. In view of this, this article bases on the realistic running background of the new company law of our country, starts from the capital system, tries to explore a better way to protect the creditors. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the basic theory and three principles of corporate capital system. It mainly includes the definition of capital-related concepts, the theoretical basis of capital system (limited liability and conflict of interest), the three major capital systems and the three principles of capital, and makes a theoretical reflection and examination on the three principles of capital. The second part introduces the protection of corporate creditors. This paper analyzes on the concept and legal orientation of corporate creditors, the necessity of protecting creditors' interests, and so on. Then, combined with the actual situation of our country's company law, the paper finally analyzes how our country's corporate law protects creditors. The third part analyzes two problems, one is the minimum capital requirement and the protection of creditors, the other is the maintenance of capital and the principle of invariance and the protection of creditors, and makes reference to the reality of British company law. This paper makes a comparative analysis with the current system of our country's company law. In the fourth part, based on the analysis of the insufficient protection of creditors in the company law of our country, the author puts forward his own suggestions on the construction of the company law in the future, hoping to perfect the protection system of the creditors of the company in our country better.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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