缔约过失制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 09:50

本文关键词： 缔约过失合同法比较研究　出处：《华侨大学》2000年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 缔约过失是大陆法系合同法上一项重要的法律制度。本文运用比较研究方法，从缔约过失理论的产生与影响出发，对缔约过失的概念、构成要件、法律基础、地位、适用范围、法律后果等方面进行全方位考察，并在此基础上对我国的缔约过失制度进行检讨，提出完善建议，以期促进司法操作。本文除引言、结论外，共分六章，全文五万多字。引言开门见山地点明本文所要探讨的主要问题，指出本文研究的实践价值和理论意义。第一章缔约过失理论的产生与影响按历史发展的进程，，首先介绍了罗马法中的缔约过失思想和耶林的缔约过失理论，继而介绍了大陆法系国家和地区缔约过失制度的确立和发展情况，缔约过失理论对英美法系的影响以及国际商事统一法上的相关规定。第二章缔约过失的概念与构成要件将学者所总结的缔约过失之概念、构成要件进行比较鉴别，分析各自的优劣得失，并在此基础上对缔约过失的概念、构成要件进行科学系统的阐述。第三章缔约过失责任的法律基础与地位针对学者所主张的侵权行为说、法律行为说、法律规定说、诚信原则说分别加以评析，肯定了缔约过失责任的法律基础是诚信原则。并进一步阐明缔约过失责任与违约责任、侵权责任之异同，分析了将缔约过失责任纳入合同责任体系的错误之处，指出缔约过失责任是一种独立的民事责任，缔约过失是一种独立的债发生的原因。第四章缔约过失制度的适用范围首先，提出了三种分类标准，厘清了许多学者在概括缔约过失制度适用范围时的混乱局面。在肯定了合同不成立、无效、被撤销三种公认的缔约过失类型的基础上，对合同已成立未生效、合同变更解除、合同生效情况下的缔约过失大胆涉足，并对一些细微之处加以辨析。第五章缔约过失的法律后果通过与合同无效的法律后果作比较，指出承担缔约过失责任的方式仅为一种，即损害赔偿。进一步分析了损害赔偿的对象与范围，受害人与有过失、责任竞合时缔约过失的适用情况以及诉讼时效方面的问题。第六章我国缔约过失制度的检讨与完善对《合同法》颁布前我国缔约过失制度的立法、司法状况进行评述，并对《合同法》中的相关规定进行分析和评价，提出完善建议。结论概括本文的主要内容和笔者的主要观点。
[Abstract]:Fault in contracting is an important legal system in the contract law of civil law. Compared with the research methods, starting from the emergence and influence of the theory of fault in contracting, the concept of fault of contracting is constituted. Part, legal basis, status, scope of application, legal consequences, etc. In order to promote judicial operation, this paper reviews the system of fault in contracting in China and puts forward some suggestions. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into six chapters, the full text of more than 50,000 words. The introduction points out the main problems to be discussed in this paper, and points out the practical price of this paper. Value and theoretical meaning. Chapter one: the emergence and influence of the theory of fault of contracting according to the process of historical development. First of all, it introduces Rome The theory of fault of contracting in law and Jering's theory of fault of contracting, and then introduce the countries and regions of civil law system. The establishment and development of the system of fault in contracting, the influence of the theory of fault of contracting on the Anglo-American legal system and the international business The relevant provisions of the uniform Law on matters. Chapter II Concepts and Constitutive elements of fault in contracting the concept of fault in contracting, summarized by scholars, is constructed. On the basis of comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages, the concept of fault in contracting is analyzed. The elements of the scientific system are expounded. The third chapter focuses on the legal basis and status of the liability for fault in contracting in view of the theory of torts advocated by scholars. The theory of legal act, the theory of legal stipulation, and the theory of the principle of good faith respectively comment on it, which affirms the responsibility for the fault in contracting. The legal basis is the principle of good faith, and further clarifies the difference between the liability for fault in contracting and the liability for breach of contract and tort liability. In the same way, this paper analyzes the mistakes of bringing the fault liability of contracting into the system of contractual liability, and points out the liability of fault in contracting. Is a kind of independent civil liability, the contracting fault is a kind of independent debt occurrence reason. The scope of application of the system of fault in contracting in Chapter 4th: firstly, three classification criteria are put forward, and then Xu is clarified. The confusion of many scholars in generalizing the scope of application of the system of fault in contracting. Effective, cancelled on the basis of three recognized types of contractual negligence, the contract has not been established and has become effective, and the contract has changed More rescinded, the contract under the circumstances of the contracting fault bold dabble, and some nuances are identified. Chapter 5th the legal consequences of contracting negligence are compared with the legal consequences of invalidity of a contract. There is only one form of liability for fault in contracting, that is, compensation for damages. Further analysis is made on the object of compensation for damages Scope, victim and fault, application of contracting fault in the event of concurrent liability and limitation of action The question of Review and perfection of the system of culpa in conclusion in China in Chapter 6th; China concluded contract before the promulgation of contract Law The legislative and judicial status of the system is reviewed, and the relevant provisions in the contract Law are analyzed and analyzed. Evaluate and put forward suggestions for improvement. Conclusion the main content of this paper and the author's main point of view.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2000
【分类号】：D923.6

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