论版权默示许可

发布时间：2018-03-04 21:24

本文选题：默示许可　切入点：版权　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：默示许可在民法领域有历史悠久的法理基础。首先，在民事法律行为理论中，可根据默示的意思表示推定民事法律行为的成立；其次，，在民法原则中，诚实信用原则衍生出的信赖保护原则为默示许可的存在提供了合理化依据；最后，在合同法中，默示合同条款常被用作解释合同及补充合同漏洞的工具，其内容的确定可来自多种渊源。本文也谈到了版权以外的其他知识产权制度中的默示许可，如专利默示许可的出现就比版权早，是基于专利穷竭理论产生，可作为专利侵权的抗辩；而商标默示许可主要出现在平行进口中。在介绍版权默示许可理论前，先要引入的是发行权穷竭原则理论，它与默示许可有相似之处，但适用范围没有默示许可广泛。在有关版权许可的分类和使用形式上，非要式合同、非专有许可合同以及许可内容确定等方面，均有默示许可的存在空间。基于这些分析，文章提炼出版权默示许可的概念以及特征，即权利人有非明示的表示行为，通过这些行为可推断其内心真实意图，并且实际产生了成立版权许可合同的法律效果。在版权默示许可的法律地位方面，有观点认为它与法定许可、合理使用一样是一种版权限制，笔者认为从权利限制的法定性以及版权人的对作品的控制方面，默示许可都不能算权利限制。但是为了防止默示许可在实践中出现滥用，应按照国际公约“三步检验标准”给默示许可本身以限制，让默示许可只能在符合特定条件下使用。在版权默示许可制度的法律实践方面，文章分为了美国与我国两部分加以介绍。美国是判例法国家，默示许可原则在这里经历了从传统版权法到网络时代版权法的发展，从合同法范畴中脱离出来，在网络条件下已经变为一种开放性的规则；而在我国，立法中对版权默示许可现有的规定有限，其中一些法条的性质究竟是默示许可还是法定许可模糊不清，司法中出现的案例不多，有首次明确版权默示许可的适用，也有过对该制度的误读。随着技术的发展，版权法的制度环境在网络条件下已经颇具灵活性。从实务的角度出发看版权默示许可，其在这种环境下具有节约交易成本、促进信息传播以及平衡各方之间利益的制度价值。版权默示许可的适用范围也囊括了网络中搜索引擎、数字图书馆、特定网络空间以及网络媒体对传统媒体作品的转载摘编四个方面。最后笔者总结了前文梳理有关版权默示许可的理论与实践，认为版权默示许可虽具有价值，尤其在网络环境下有极大的使用空间，但出于法律稳定性和实践中的实际情况等因素考虑，目前有关默示许可的理论加上法律中对于默示许可的规定基本够用，没有必要专门构建版权默示许可制度。但由于它已经是一种开放性的标准和一种实践，将不会限于法律规定而成为未来重要的许可使用形式。
[Abstract]:The implied license law basis has a long history in the field of civil law. Firstly, the theory of civil action, the establishment of presumption of civil legal act can be expressed according to the implied meaning; secondly, the principles of civil law, provides a rational basis to protect the principle of trust derived from the principle of honesty and credit for the implied license; finally, in in the contract law, the implied contract terms is often used as a tool to supplement and explain the contract contract loopholes, its content can be determined from a variety of sources. The paper also refers to the implied license other intellectual property rights other than copyright in, such as the emergence of patent implied license than copyright early, is based on the theory of exhaustion of patent, as can be the trademark and patent infringement defense; implied license occurred mainly in parallel imports.
After the introduction of copyright implied license theory, first introduced is the issue of right exhaustion theory, it is similar with the implied license, but no implied license scope widely. In the relevant copyright classification and use formal, informal contracts, non exclusive license contract and license content such as determining the existence of space have the implied license. Based on these analyses, this paper refines the concept of copyright implied license and characteristics, namely the rights of non stated that, by these actions can infer their true inner intentions, and actual legal effects of copyright license contract. In the aspect of the legal status of copyright implied license, with a view of it is with the statutory license, is a reasonable use of copyright, the author thinks that from the right to limit the legal and copyright of works, implied license are It can not be regarded as a limitation of rights. However, in order to prevent the abuse of implied license in practice, we should limit the implied license itself according to the "three step inspection standard" of international conventions, so that implied license can only be used under certain conditions.
In the legal practice of copyright license system, the article points to the United States and the two part of our paper. The United States is a case law country, implied permission from the experience of the traditional copyright law into the era of network copyright law here, from the category of contract law, in the network environment has become a open the rules; but in our country, the existing provisions of the legislation of copyright implied license is limited, the properties of some law what is the implied license or statutory permission in the case appears blurred, justice is not much, the first clear copyrightimplied license application, there have been a misreading of the system.
With the development of technology, the system environment of the copyright law has considerable flexibility. Under the condition of network copyright implied license from the practical point of view, saving transaction costs in this environment, promote the system value of information dissemination and the balance of interests between the parties. The scope of copyright implied license also includes search engine, network digital library, specific network space and network media on the four aspects of traditional media works reproduced excerpts.
Finally, the author summarizes the previous combing theory and practice relating to copyright implied license, that copyright implied license has value, especially the great use of space in the network environment, but because of legal stability and the practice of the actual situation and other factors, the implied license theory and legal provisions for the implied license basic enough, there is no need to specifically construct the copyrightimplied license system. But because it is already an open standard and a practice, will not be limited to the law and become an important future licensing form.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.41

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