劳动保护与经济效率的权衡——基于实地调研与文献证据的《劳动合同法》研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 19:12

本文选题：《劳动合同法》　切入点：契约自由　出处：《东岳论丛》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：2008年1月1日开始实施的《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》在立法前后即已引发了极大的争议。《劳动合同法》的立法宗旨或政策目标的重点在于加强对劳动者合法权益的保护,但一项法律的实际效果可能会和预期的政策目标不一致,甚至出现相悖的情形。对于是否保护了底层劳动者的合法权益以及这种保护是否在社会整体效率上得不偿失,不同专家间的观点存在很大差异。我们从经济学角度,并结合课题组的案例调查以及现有文献中的经验证据,全面分析《劳动合同法》的经济后果,希望能够以严密的经济逻辑和实际的调研考察来给出统一的分析。我们的基本结论如下:《劳动合同法》对市场劳动合约的一些干预是过度的,缺乏有效的经济学逻辑支持。《劳动合同法》的实施,确实较大幅度增加了企业的用工成本。作为对这一成本增加的反应,多数企业的劳动力需求下降,尤其是对底层的低技能劳动力。长期来看,劳动力需求下降必将导致劳动者工资收入增长放缓。此外,《劳动合同法》也导致了企业用工行为在多方面的转变,这些转变在一定程度上导致了市场交易成本的上升,整体经济效率的下降。
[Abstract]:The Labor contract Law of the people's Republic of China, which came into effect in January 1st 2008, has aroused great controversy before and after the enactment of the law. The legislative purpose or policy objective of the Labor contract Law is to strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of workers. But the actual effect of a law may be inconsistent with or even inconsistent with the intended policy objective. Whether or not it protects the legitimate rights and interests of the underclass and whether such protection outweighs the overall efficiency of society, There are great differences between different experts. From the point of view of economics, we analyze the economic consequences of "Labor contract Law" from the angle of economics, combined with the case investigation of the research group and the empirical evidence in the existing literature. I hope to be able to give a unified analysis with strict economic logic and practical investigation. Our basic conclusions are as follows: some of the labor contract law's intervention in the market labor contract is excessive. Lack of effective economic logic support. The implementation of the Labor contract Law has greatly increased the cost of employment in enterprises. In response to the increase in this cost, the labor demand of most enterprises has declined. Especially for low-skilled workers at the bottom. In the long run, the decline in labor demand will surely lead to a slowdown in the growth of workers' wage income. In addition, the Labor contract Law has also led to a change in the employment behavior of enterprises in many ways. These changes have led to a rise in market transaction costs and a decline in overall economic efficiency.
【作者单位】：浙江财经大学;上海财经大学;
【分类号】：D922.52

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