出租人瑕疵责任的体系解释

发布时间：2018-05-20 12:32

本文选题：瑕疵 + 违约责任　；参考：《中国政法大学学报》2014年05期

【摘要】：我国《合同法》就租赁物瑕疵现象有所规制,但有关租赁物瑕疵的制度体系尚付阙如。从立法角度看,有必要借鉴德国民法有关出租人瑕疵责任的立法模式,详为规定构成要件、法律效果,从而建立缜密的出租人瑕疵责任制度体系。从解释论角度看,应对以上诸条、第111条以及它们之间的适用关系作出体系性解释。第216条虽非专门针对租赁物瑕疵所设,但仍可作为出租人瑕疵责任的发生根据,至少可以之为基础,解释出租人负有"保持租赁物无瑕疵"的义务。第220条、第221条可理解为《合同法》第十三章中有关出租人瑕疵责任的特别规定,应优先适用,从而可排除第111条中"修理"、"重作"形式的适用。第231条虽非有关租赁物瑕疵责任的规定,但无疑包含了租赁物瑕疵责任的内容。第233条属于出租人瑕疵责任构成要件中的例外性要件。
[Abstract]:China's contract Law regulates the defect of the lease item, but the system about the defect of the lease item is still absent. From the legislative point of view, it is necessary to draw lessons from the legislative model of German civil law on the liability of lessors' defects, in order to establish a meticulous system of lessor's liability for defects. From the perspective of interpretation theory, the above articles, article 111 and their applicable relations should be systematically interpreted. Article 216, although not specifically for defects of the lease item, may still be used as the basis for the occurrence of the lessor's liability for defects, at least on the basis of which it may be interpreted that the lessor has the obligation to "maintain the leasehold free of defects". Article 220, Article 221 can be understood as the special provisions of Chapter 13 of the contract Law concerning the liability of the lessor for defects, which shall be applied first, thus excluding the application of the form of "repair" and "rework" in Article 111. Article 231 is not about the liability for defects in the lease item, but it undoubtedly contains the content of the liability for the defect of the lease item. Article 233 is an exceptional element in the constitutive elements of the lessor's defect liability.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学;
【基金】：王利明教授主持的国家社会科学基金重大项目——“法学方法论与中国民商法研究”的研究成果之一中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队——“中国民法典的立法建构与解释适用”的研究成果
【分类号】：D923.6

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