商事行纪合同的效力问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 19:26

本文选题：商事行纪合同 + 合同法　；参考：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：不管是采用民商分立模式的国家还是采用民商合一模式的国家，都在其商法典或民法典中规定了商事行纪合同制度，我国也不例外，在1999年10月1日颁布实施的《合同法》中设专章对行纪制度进行了规定。《合同法》的规定对我国的商事行纪营业的发展起到了一定的积极作用，但随着市场经济的快速发展，《合同法》中关于商事行纪合同制度规定的不足之处逐渐凸显，严重阻碍了我国商事行纪业的发展，正是基于此，本文将就我国《合同法》中关于商事行纪合同效力规定的不足之处进行详细的分析与探讨。本文共由四部分组成：第一部分：商事行纪合同之基本理论。本部分首先分析了商事行纪合同不同于一般的行纪合同，其具有自己的特殊性，，比如主体具有限定性、在适用范围上具有特定性、在权利的行使上具有以自己名义直接订立合同；其次，介绍了商事行纪合同具有巨大的经济价值，即有利于实现经济的规模效益、有利于节约信息成本、降低交易费用以及有助于社会化分工；最后，对商事行纪合同的效力内容进行了界定，同时为了研究的需要，将商事行纪合同的效力分为对内效力和对外效力。第二部分：域外商事行纪合同效力的立法规定及借鉴。在该部分首先介绍了国外关于商事行纪合同效力的规定，主要是《法国商法典》、《德国商法典》、《日本商法典》中关于商事行纪合同效力的规定；其次，简要的介绍了我国台湾地区关于商事行纪合同效力的一些规定；最后，在前面论述的基础上，进一步探析了域外商事行纪合同效力立法的规定可供我国借鉴之处，主要表现在三个方面：一是行纪人对委托物享有的拍卖权；二是行纪人享有的费用偿还请求权；三是增加行纪人介入权拟制的规定，以此来更好的完善我国商事行纪合同的效力规定，促进我国商事行纪营业的快速健康发展。第三部分：我国《合同法》关于商事行纪合同效力规定的不足。在该部分主要分析了其存在的不足，具体表现为三个大的方面：首先简要分析了委托人的介入权与第三人的选择权适用《合同法》第403条的规定存在一定的不足，即理论上和立法上均为详细规定委托人的介入权与第三人的选择权；其次，指出我国《合同法》对行纪人承担的义务范围划分不明确、不合理，具体表现为：对委托物意外灭失的义务承担规定不明确、对因他人恶意交易引发的责任承担规定不明确、对行纪人担保履行义务的规定不尽合理。最后，指出对行纪人权利的规定不全面，即对行纪人介入权的规定比较简单，而且也未明确规定行纪人对委托物享有拍卖权。第四部分：完善商事行纪合同效力立法的建议。该部分以我国《合同法》中关于商事行纪合同制度规定的不足之处为基点，建议从三个方面进行完善：首先，介绍了从理论和立法上来完善委托人的介入权和第三人的选择权，即应建立一个完整的理论体系，同时在立法上增加一个条款，使委托人的介入权与第三人的选择权既有理论上的支撑又有明确的法律依据。其次，对于商事行纪人承担的义务范围应当做出明确合理的划分，即以过错责任为原则来完善行纪人妥善保管的义务规则，同时对于行纪人的担保履行义务应当采用约定主义的立法模式，另外，明确规定行纪人应当履行的义务，比如合理处分委托物的义务，依照委托人的指示从事贸易活动和交付与转移的义务。最后，明确具体规定商事行纪人享有的权利，具体表现为：一是对商事行纪人的介入权进行详细的规定，对行纪人介入权行使的方式、行使的范围以及行使的效力等等都进行详细的规定，二是明确的规定行纪人对委托人享有报酬请求权和费用偿还请求权，三是对于委托物的处分方式应明确规定行纪人对委托物的拍卖权，如此才能更充分的保障商事行纪人的权益，降低其风险，才能更好的促进商事行纪营业的发展。
[Abstract]:However , with the rapid development of the market economy , the shortcomings of the contract system under the contract law are becoming more and more serious , which seriously impedes the development of the commercial banking industry in our country .

This paper consists of four parts :

The first part is the basic theory of business discipline contract . This part firstly analyzes the business line and discipline contract different from the ordinary discipline contract , which has its own particularity , such as the limitation of the subject , and has the specific property in the scope of application , and has the right to conclude the contract directly on the exercise of rights ;
Secondly , the article introduces the great economic value of business discipline contract , which is beneficial to realize the scale benefit of economy , which is beneficial to saving information cost , reducing transaction cost and helping social division of labor ;
Finally , the article defines the validity of the commercial discipline contract , and divides the validity of the commercial discipline contract into internal force and external force for the purpose of research .

Part Two : The legislative provisions and the reference for the validity of the contract effect of foreign business in the field . In this part , the article first introduces the provisions on the effect of foreign trade and discipline contract , which is mainly the provisions on the effect of commercial discipline contract in the Commercial Code of France , the German Commercial Code , and the Japanese Commercial Code ;
Secondly , the article briefly introduces some provisions of the Taiwan area of our country about the effect of commercial law and discipline contract ;
Finally , on the basis of the foregoing discussion , it is further discussed that the provisions of the legislation on the validity of the contract law of foreign business in the domain can be used for reference , mainly in three aspects : one is the auction right of the trader to the entrusted object ;
The second is the right of claim for the expenses incurred by the trustee ;
The third is to add the provisions of the drafting of the right to intervene in the discipline , so as to improve the effectiveness of the commercial and discipline contract in our country , and promote the rapid and healthy development of the business in our country .

The third part : Under the contract law of China , the deficiency of the validity of the commercial contract law is analyzed . In this part , there are three major aspects : Firstly , the author briefly analyzes the deficiencies of the client ' s right to intervene and the third party ' s right to choose the contract law , which is that the theory and the legislation provide the client ' s right to intervene and the option of the third party in detail .
Secondly , it is pointed out that the scope of the obligation of the trustee of the discipline contract law is not clear and unreasonable . It is not clear that the obligation of the accidental loss of the commission is not clear . It is not clear that the stipulation of the obligation of the trustee ' s guarantee is not clear . At last , it is pointed out that the regulation of the rights of the trader is not comprehensive , that is , the regulation of the right to intervene is simple , and it is not clear that the trustee has the right to auction the entrusted object .

The third is to establish a complete theoretical system , and to establish a complete theoretical system , and to establish a complete theoretical system . At the same time , it is necessary to establish a complete theoretical system . At the same time , it is necessary to establish a complete theoretical system .
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】