我国城市化进程中的耕地资源保护问题研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 19:45

本文关键词：我国城市化进程中的耕地资源保护问题研究　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市化是伴随生产力不断发展以及生产方式不断变化而产生的，是时代前进的产物，是历史向前发展的必然结果。而我国的城市化自改革开放以后，以经济的腾飞为重要转折点，在正确的发展战略统筹规划下，国民经济水平全面提升，正式进入了以市场经济为主导的全新发展模式，城市化水平也随着经济的腾飞进入全速发展阶段。随着城市建设需要大量土地作为支撑局面的到来，中国已经到了寻求发展与加强耕地保护力度并重的关键时期。土地是满足农民生产、生活的最基本的前提条件。然而，城镇化的推进、城市建设用地的增加使这种不可再生的耕地资源迅速减少，政府与农民均看到城市化进程中，土地转让方面存在的巨大经济利益，纷纷将耕地资源它用，使得我国原本就不足的耕地资源更是在逐年缩减，已经供不应求。我国是一个长期以来以农业为主的国家，可想而知，农业作为国家的基础产业，是支撑国家发展的关键环节，而耕地是基础的基础。如果说农业发展是关系着国民经济的“大树”，那耕地就是“树根”。尽管我国在耕地保护方面不断提出新的政策、措施，但却始终没有从根源上解决当下最为严重的“人地矛盾”问题。农村人口大量转移、城市建设占地、土地“非农化”等，仍然是制约耕地保护发展的重要因素。本文认为，造成目前状况的种种原因中，没有正确处理好基础设施用地与农民生产、生活用地、耕地保护之间的关系；经济发展与耕地保护之间的关系；忽略了农民有意识的自主对耕地进行保护的重要性；方针、政策在执行上没有严格的监管制度这四个方面是密不可分的。因此，本文旨在通过对美国和我国台湾地区城市化进程中耕地保护的经验借鉴的基础上，针对我国当前耕地资源的实际情况，提出符合我国内地情况，适合我国内地耕地资源现状的对策及建议，为实现耕地总量的动态平衡以及可持续发展战略贡献自己的力量。建立先进科学的法律体系及监管模式加强耕地保护，促进国民经济的稳步提升。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is accompanied by the continuous development of productive forces and the continuous changes in production methods, is the product of the advance of the times, is the inevitable outcome of historical development, and China's urbanization since the reform and opening up. Taking the economic take-off as an important turning point, under the correct development strategy overall planning, the national economy level comprehensively enhances, has entered the brand-new development pattern which takes the market economy as the leading factor. With the rapid development of the economy, the level of urbanization has entered the stage of full speed development. With the arrival of a large number of land as the supporting situation, urban construction needs a large amount of land. China has reached a critical period of seeking development and strengthening the protection of arable land. Land is the most basic prerequisite to meet the farmers' production and life. However, with the development of urbanization and the increase of urban construction land, the non-renewable cultivated land resources are rapidly reduced. Both the government and farmers see the huge economic benefits of land transfer in the process of urbanization. They use the cultivated land resources one after another, which makes the cultivated land resources which are already insufficient in our country are shrinking year by year. Supply is already short of supply. China is a country dominated by agriculture for a long time. It can be imagined that agriculture, as the basic industry of the country, is the key link to support the development of the country. And cultivated land is the foundation. If agricultural development is a "big tree" related to the national economy, cultivated land is a "tree root", although our country has constantly put forward new policies and measures in the field of cultivated land protection. However, it has never solved the most serious problem of "contradiction between man and land" from the root. Rural population has been transferred in large quantities, urban construction has occupied land, land has been "non-agricultural" and so on. It is still an important factor that restricts the development of cultivated land protection. This paper holds that the relationship between infrastructure land and farmers' production, living land and cultivated land protection is not properly handled among the various reasons that cause the present situation. The relationship between economic development and cultivated land protection; Neglecting the importance of farmers' conscious and autonomous protection of cultivated land; Principles, policies in the implementation of the lack of strict regulatory system these four aspects are inseparable. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to draw lessons from the experience of cultivated land protection in the process of urbanization in the United States and Taiwan, and to put forward that it is in line with the situation in the mainland of China in view of the actual situation of our country's current cultivated land resources. Countermeasures and suggestions suitable for the present situation of cultivated land resources in mainland China. In order to realize the dynamic balance of cultivated land and the strategy of sustainable development, we should establish an advanced and scientific legal system and supervision model to strengthen the protection of cultivated land and promote the steady improvement of the national economy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.3;D922.6

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