环境相邻权问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 18:22

本文选题：相邻权　切入点：环境相邻权　出处：《山东科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境相邻权是指基于环境保护的客观要求而发生在一定范围和限度内的相邻关系,是相邻权主体依法享有的权利和承担相应的义务。可见环境相邻权比起传统的相邻权而言更注重保护环境权益,这也是二者的主要区别。环境相邻权的特征主要有：相邻范围进一步扩大,权利具有复合性,客体具有生态性,价值具有双重性,内容也更加广泛。其主要的内容包括相邻安宁权、清洁空气权、清洁水权和日照权等等。环境相邻权的理论渊源主要有三个：禁止权利滥用、利益平衡和自甘冒险。从这些基本的理论可以看出环境相邻权是与人们最基本的日常生活比较贴近的。在国外,主要从大陆法系和英美法系来研究环境相邻权。大陆法系中,德国的不可量物侵害制度和法国的近邻妨害制度都主要是规定在民法法典中,理论上对“容忍义务”的界定很值得借鉴。在英美法系,安居妨害制度主要是规定在侵权法的体系中,因此在救济方式的借鉴上可以参考。对国外的环境相邻权进行考察后,接着对我国的环境相邻权的现状进行了分析,由此可以知道我国的环境相邻权在理论上、立法上和实践上都存在着一些问题。因此,文章在最后对环境相邻权进行了重新的架构,重新界定环境相邻权的基本原则是利益平衡和环境权益的保护这两个原则；对环境相邻权需要明确的界限重新进行了说明,包括“相邻”的有效扩大,保护目的兼顾环境权益,判断标准要明确从五个层次去确定,关于侵害对象的具体化要明确将精神利益纳入其中；最后需要在私法领域明确确立环境相邻权的地位,同时也要发挥公法对环境相邻权的指引作用。这样的话,将基本原则、理论界限以及立法这三个方面的内容结合起来,才能充分发挥环境相邻权在环境保护中的作用。
[Abstract]:Environmental adjacent right refers to the adjacent relationship which occurs within a certain range and limits based on the objective requirements of environmental protection. It is the right and obligation of the subject of adjacent rights according to law.It can be seen that the environmental adjacent right pays more attention to protecting environmental rights and interests than the traditional adjacent rights, which is also the main difference between them.The characteristics of environmental adjacent rights are as follows: further expansion of adjacent scope, compound rights, ecological nature of object, duality of value and more extensive contents.Its main contents include neighboring right of tranquility, right of clean air, right of clean water and right of sunshine, etc.There are three main theoretical sources of environmental adjacent rights: prohibition of abuse of rights, balance of interests and self-risk.From these basic theories, we can see that environmental neighboring right is close to people's basic daily life.In foreign countries, environmental neighboring rights are mainly studied from the continental law system and the common law system.In the civil law system, the immeasurable infringement system in Germany and the impairing system in France are mainly stipulated in the civil law code, so the definition of "obligation of tolerance" in theory is worth drawing lessons from.In Anglo-American law system, the system of live-hindrance is mainly stipulated in the system of tort law, so it can be referred to in the way of relief.After investigating the neighboring right of environment abroad, this paper analyzes the present situation of the adjacent right of environment in our country, from which we can know that there are some problems in theory, legislation and practice of the adjacent right of environment in our country.Therefore, at the end of the article, the author reconstructs the environmental adjacent rights, redefines the basic principles of environmental adjacent rights are the balance of interests and the protection of environmental rights, and restates the need for clear boundaries of environmental adjacent rights.It includes the effective expansion of "adjacent", the consideration of environmental rights and interests for the purpose of protection, the determination of judgment criteria from five levels, and the inclusion of spiritual interests in the concretization of the object of infringement;Finally, it is necessary to clearly establish the status of environmental adjacent right in the field of private law, and at the same time, to give play to the guiding role of public law on environmental adjacent right.In this way, the basic principles, theoretical boundaries and legislation can be combined in order to give full play to the role of environmental adjacent rights in environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.2;D922.68

【相似文献】