整体性治理视阈下的上海海洋执法体制研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 21:16

本文选题：整体性治理 + 海洋执法　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当前的海洋公共管理进程中,针对我国海洋执法体制的改革有着重要的现实意义。海洋执法体制整体运行状况,会对海洋经济与社会的整体发展水平产生影响,进而影响到了城市整体性治理能力的改革进程。当前“海上上海”的构建,在上海城市经济发展中有着重要的地位。然而,现有的海洋执法体制面临条块混置、利益格局深度调整、社会参与不足等诸多挑战,难以适应海洋治理的需求。本文介绍了上海海洋执法体制的发展,具体是上海海洋执法机构设置与职能、执法法律依据和各单位间职能划分等。基于整体性治理理论,本文分析了上海海洋执法体制中存在的条块混置、横向碎片化和社会参与不足的问题:一是当前中央与地方政府在海洋管理权责划分上的矛盾日益凸显;二是由于海洋管理权限被分割给各部门,而各部门分别设置了相应的海洋执法部门,但是横向沟通的欠缺引起了各自为政的碎片化;三是由于政府的单向执法,社会参与不足,公众与海洋执法缺乏互动。`1本文研究了美国海岸警卫队的组织架构和海洋执法的体系和规范,比较了两国在海洋执法过程中的差异,总结了美国海洋管理的相关经验:用法律规范部门间合作机制,加强组织协调能力培养,开展多层次社会公共合作,推动信息的透明化等。结合我国当前推进的中国海警局的体制改革思路,本文针对性提出了当前海洋执法体制改革性路径设置。在执法队伍组织架构层面,必须有效整合上海海洋执法队伍,进行以“联合-协调-重组”的路径推动海洋执法队伍的整合;在海洋执法的规范化运作体系层面,必须着力推动当前上海海洋执法的规范化,建立基于行政法的海洋执法规范化体系,进而以此推动海洋执法的协调性和统一性;在构建海洋执法内部协调体系层面,必须推动国家和地方统一的信息化指挥系统集成建设,还应当加强装备能力建设推动央地装备共享;在构建海洋管理的公共合作参与机制层面,要通过社会海洋管理数据库和开放系统推动社会资源参与海洋管理。
[Abstract]:In the current process of marine public management, the reform of China's maritime law enforcement system has important practical significance. The overall operation of the marine law enforcement system will have an impact on the overall development level of the marine economy and society, and then affect the reform process of the overall governance capacity of the city. At present, the construction of "Shanghai at sea" plays an important role in the development of Shanghai's urban economy. However, the existing marine law enforcement system is faced with many challenges, such as mixed strips, deep adjustment of interest pattern, insufficient social participation and so on, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of ocean governance. This paper introduces the development of Shanghai marine law enforcement system, including the establishment and functions of Shanghai maritime law enforcement agencies, the legal basis of law enforcement and the division of functions among various units. Based on the theory of holistic governance, this paper analyzes the existing problems in Shanghai maritime law enforcement system, such as mixed strip, horizontal fragmentation and insufficient social participation: first, the contradiction between central and local governments in the division of power and responsibility of marine management is becoming increasingly prominent; The second is that the maritime management authority has been divided into various departments, and each department has set up corresponding maritime law enforcement departments, but the lack of horizontal communication has caused fragmentation of their own affairs; third, due to the one-way law enforcement by the government, the social participation is insufficient. There is a lack of interaction between the public and marine law enforcement.'1 this paper studies the organizational structure of the United States Coast Guard and the systems and norms of maritime law enforcement, and compares the differences between the two countries in the process of maritime law enforcement. This paper summarizes the relevant experiences of American ocean management: standardizing the inter-departmental cooperation mechanism, strengthening the ability of organization and coordination, carrying out multi-level social and public cooperation, and promoting the transparency of information, etc. Combined with the thoughts of China's current China Sea Police Station system reform, this paper puts forward the current marine law enforcement system reform path setup. At the level of the organizational structure of the law enforcement team, we must effectively integrate the Shanghai marine law enforcement team and promote the integration of the marine law enforcement team through the path of "United, coordinated and reorganized", and at the level of the standardized operational system of marine law enforcement, We must make great efforts to promote the standardization of marine law enforcement in Shanghai at present, and establish a standardized system of maritime law enforcement based on administrative law so as to promote the coordination and unity of marine law enforcement. It is necessary to promote the integrated construction of national and local unified information-based command systems, as well as to strengthen equipment capacity building to promote equipment sharing in central areas, and to build a mechanism for public cooperation and participation in marine management. We should promote the participation of social resources in marine management through social marine management databases and open systems.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.6

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