排污权的准物权制度化研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 03:12

本文选题：排污权 + 准物权　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：囿于我国环境法的公法化调整机制以及物权法的环保制度盲区,“排污权交易”作为人类探索环境问题市场化解决机制进程中的一个创造性思路,在我国面临着水土不服的尴尬境地。可见环境责任思维定势始现捉襟见肘的疲态,以权利的角度去分析、解决环境问题才为标本兼治的良方。旨在以私法为基础配置环境资源、又将环保义务融入其中的准物权制度无疑是排污权在我国生长的沃土,对排污权进行准物权制度设计将是我们应对环境问题的理性选择。排污权作为一项应有权利,有着脱俗入法的必要性与合理性,其具备支配性和绝对性的物权规格,加之鲜明的权利个性使其归属于准物权体系,时代的要求以及现代物权理论为其准物权制度化提供依据。但应然并不必然,要实现排污权的准物权制度化,依民法二理论予以分析,仍存有以下需待解决的问题:解释论下,在既有的物权法原则及规则下欲将排污权纳入物权范畴,于(法定)权利要素所涉及的客体、内容、效力三方面存有难点,需对现有的物权法规范加以修正变通;立法论下,排污权制度作为沟通环境法与物权法乃至民法的过渡性制度,在物权法进路以及环境法规制上存有困境,需在具体的立法操作上进行斟酌处理。为满足物权法定主义的硬性要求,又兼顾立法技术的可操作性,对排污权的准物权制度设计应采《物权法》原则规定、排污权法律规范单行成法的方案:解释论下,依据排污权的自身特点,对现有物权法原则及规则进行符合民法精神的变通扩张,为排污权构建宏观的制度大厦。立法论下,在《物权法》中对排污权进行原则规定,为排污权制度确立生长基点,在环境法乃至行政法中构建总量控制制度、排污许可制度、排污权交易制度等制度,以此长成排污权制度的主体大树,最终实现排污权的准物权制度化。
[Abstract]:Confined to the public law adjustment mechanism of environmental law and the blind spot of environmental protection system of real right law in our country, "emission trading" is a creative idea in the process of exploring the market-oriented solution mechanism of environmental problems. In our country, we are facing an awkward situation. It can be seen that the environmental responsibility thinking pattern is beginning to be overstretched and analyzed from the perspective of rights to solve the environmental problems as the best way to cure both symptoms and symptoms. The quasi-real right system, which aims at allocating environmental resources on the basis of private law and incorporating environmental protection obligations into it, is undoubtedly the fertile soil for the growth of emission rights in China. The design of quasi-real right system for pollution discharge rights will be a rational choice for us to deal with environmental problems. As a due right, the pollution discharge right has the necessity and rationality of getting rid of vulgarity and entering the law. It has the dominant and absolute real right specifications, and the distinct personality of the right makes it belong to the quasi real right system. The requirement of the times and the theory of modern real right provide the basis for the institutionalization of the quasi-real right. However, it should not be necessary. In order to institutionalize the quasi-real right of emission right and analyze it according to the second theory of civil law, there are still the following problems to be solved: under the theory of explanation, under the existing principles and rules of property law, the pollution discharge right should be brought into the category of real right. There are difficulties in the object, content and effectiveness of the (statutory) elements of rights, which need to be amended and adapted to the existing norms of property law. As a transitional system of communication between environmental law and property law and even civil law, the system of pollution discharge right has difficulties in the path of property law and the regulation of environmental law, so it needs to be dealt with at the discretion of specific legislative operation. In order to satisfy the rigid requirement of the doctrine of property right and the maneuverability of legislative technology, the quasi-real right system of emission right should be designed according to the principle of "property law", and the scheme of regulating one-line law of emission right should be adopted: under the theory of explanation, According to the characteristics of emission rights, the existing principles and rules of property law are extended in accordance with the spirit of civil law to build a macro system building for emission rights. On the basis of legislation, the principle of emission right is stipulated in Real right Law, and the system of total quantity control, emission permit system, emission right trading system and so on are established in environmental law and even administrative law. Finally, the quasi-real right of emission right is institutionalized.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.2;D922.6

【参考文献】