我国森林资源生态补偿法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 00:09

本文选题：森林资源 + 生态补偿　；参考：《重庆大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在长期的历史进程中,人类在发展经济的同时,也出现了对森林资源的过度开发和利用。随着生态环境的恶化,人们对森林资源的经济价值和生态价值也有了更加深刻的认识,对森林资源的保护也越发重视。森林资源生态补偿制度是保护森林资源的重要法律制度,也是本文要研究的内容。本文通过四个部分对该制度进行探讨。第一部分是对森林资源生态补偿法律制度的分析。首先,本文认为要从多角度对生态补偿的概念进行探讨,然后延伸得出森林资源生态补偿的概念。其次,对国外的森林资源生态补偿法律制度进行分析和比较,同时对我国在建立森林资源生态补偿法律制度方面的成绩予以归纳总结。通过对国内外森林生态补偿法律制度的分析,为下一步提出构建我国森林生态补偿法奠定基础。第二部分是从生态学、经济学、法学等多个角度分析了我国森林资源生态补偿法律制度的理论基础,为下一步探讨完善我国森林生态补偿法律制度提供正确、充分的理论依据。第三部分,分析我国森林生态补偿法律制度在四个方面存在不足。第一个不足表现在立法指导思想方面,即现行森林生态补偿法律制度缺乏生态价值观做为立法指导思想。第二个不足是我国缺乏规范的林业产权制度。由于林业产权直接关系到对森林资源的开发、经营、管理和利益归属问题,因此明晰的林业产权与森林资源生态补偿的顺利开展息息相关。第三个不足是我国森林生态补偿制度法律体系结构不平衡。《环境保护法》等对森林生态补偿的内容没有明确规定。从立法层次上讲,从环境保护基本法到森林资源单行法对森林生态补偿的规定还没有形成完整的法律体系。第四个不足就是森林生态补偿的内容还有很多需要改进和完善的地方。第四个部分,从四个方面提出构建森林生态补偿法的建议。首先,指出我国建立森林资源生态补偿法的必要性。其次,提出树立生态价值观作为森林生态补偿法的立法指导思想。第三,对森林生态补偿法内容的建议,这包括建立和完善补偿原则、补偿对象、补偿标准、补偿渠道及补偿基金筹集的相关规定及后续监管措施。最后,提出要使森林生态补偿制度顺利运行,还必须修订与该法律制度相关的其他制度,以保证森林生态补偿工作的开展有一个良好的制度环境,这些制度包括森林资源产权制度、价格制度和绿色GDP制度等等。只有通过这些制度的完善和运行,我国森林生态补偿工作才能持续、平稳地开展。
[Abstract]:In the long history process, the human being develops the economy, but also appears the over-exploitation and the utilization of the forest resources. With the deterioration of ecological environment, people also have a deeper understanding of the economic and ecological value of forest resources, and pay more attention to the protection of forest resources. The ecological compensation system of forest resources is an important legal system to protect forest resources. This article carries on the discussion to this system through four parts. The first part is the analysis of the legal system of ecological compensation of forest resources. Firstly, the concept of ecological compensation should be discussed from various angles, and then the concept of ecological compensation of forest resources should be derived. Secondly, it analyzes and compares the foreign legal system of ecological compensation of forest resources, and summarizes the achievements of establishing the legal system of ecological compensation of forest resources in China. By analyzing the legal system of forest ecological compensation at home and abroad, this paper lays a foundation for the construction of forest ecological compensation law in China. The second part analyzes the theoretical basis of the ecological compensation legal system of forest resources from the perspectives of ecology, economics, law and so on, and provides a correct and sufficient theoretical basis for the further exploration and improvement of the legal system of forest ecological compensation in China. The third part, analyzes the forest ecological compensation legal system in four aspects. The first one is the legislative guiding ideology, that is, the current legal system of forest ecological compensation lacks ecological values as the guiding ideology of legislation. The second deficiency is the lack of standardized forestry property right system in our country. Since forestry property right is directly related to the exploitation, management, management and interest attribution of forest resources, the clear forestry property right is closely related to the smooth development of forest resources ecological compensation. The third deficiency is the imbalance of the legal system of forest ecological compensation system in China. The contents of forest ecological compensation are not clearly stipulated in the Environmental Protection Law. From the legislative level, there is no complete legal system from the basic law of environmental protection to the regulation of forest ecological compensation by forest resources law. The fourth deficiency is the forest ecological compensation content and a lot of need to be improved and improved. The fourth part, from four aspects, put forward the construction of forest ecological compensation law. Firstly, it points out the necessity of establishing ecological compensation law of forest resources in China. Secondly, set up ecological values as the legislative guiding ideology of forest ecological compensation law. Third, the content of the forest ecological compensation law, which includes the establishment and improvement of compensation principles, compensation objects, compensation standards, compensation channels and compensation fund related provisions and subsequent regulatory measures. Finally, it is proposed that in order to make the forest ecological compensation system run smoothly, it is necessary to revise other systems related to the legal system so as to ensure a good institutional environment for the development of forest ecological compensation. These systems include forest resource property right system, price system and green GDP system and so on. Only through the perfection and operation of these systems can the forest ecological compensation work in China be carried out continuously and smoothly.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.63

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