“白色垃圾”污染防治法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 11:19

【摘要】： 塑料袋、一次性餐盒、各种塑料包装制品在人们的生活中扮演者重要的角色,从1902年科技界爆发“白色革命”开始,各种塑料制品相继产生,它们成本低、质量轻,为我们的生活带来了很多便利。但是,这些塑料制品一旦被丢弃,就成为了“白色垃圾”,该污染对环境所产生的影响日益恶劣。近几年来,全国各地“白色垃圾”污染越来越严重,不仅污染了生态环境,而且危及人类的生存质量和生命安全。在国际上,“白色垃圾”造成的污染成已经成为全球共同关注的环境问题。目前,美国、英国、爱尔兰、日本、韩国、法国、新加坡、荷兰、比利时等经济相对发达的国家,由于经济发展得比较早,“白色垃圾”造成的污染这类环境问题早于我国出现,因此,对“白色垃圾”的污染防治已经有了比较深入的研究。上述国家为了防治“白色垃圾”造成的污染,均制定了专门法律法规,或者建立了整套法律制度。但是,由于我国现代工业相对发展得比较晚,“白色垃圾”污染问题出现得也比较晚,因此,在我国现有的法律体系中,只有在《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》、《城市生活垃圾管理办法》、《循环经济促进法》中规定了一些固体废物污染防治的基本原则、制度,尚缺乏专门的完善的法律制度来防治“白色垃圾”造成的污染。因此,笔者通过本文,从对“白色垃圾”的界定、分类入手,分析我国“白色垃圾”污染及其防治的现状,并在此基础上,剖析我国目前相关的法律制度,通过借鉴国外的先进经验,分析在我国完善“白色垃圾”污染防治法律制度的必要性。最后提出在我国建立“白色垃圾”分类管理制度、强制回收利用制度、征收税费制度、监督管理制度和限制生产和消费制度,以促进我国有关环境保护的立法进程,推动环境保护事业的发展。
[Abstract]:Plastic bags, disposable lunch boxes, all kinds of plastic packaging products play an important role in people's lives. Since the "White Revolution" broke out in 1902 in the scientific and technological circles, a variety of plastic products have emerged one after another. They are low cost, light quality, and bring many conveniences to our lives. However, once these plastic products are discarded, they become "white revolution". In recent years, the pollution of "white garbage" has become more and more serious in all parts of the country. It not only pollutes the ecological environment, but also endangers the quality of life and safety of human beings. Question.
At present, the United States, Britain, Ireland, Japan, South Korea, France, Singapore, the Netherlands, Belgium and other relatively developed countries, due to the relatively early economic development, such environmental problems as "white garbage" pollution appeared earlier than China, therefore, the "white garbage" pollution prevention and control has been more in-depth study. In order to prevent and control the pollution caused by "white garbage", special laws and regulations have been formulated, or a complete set of legal systems have been established. The basic principles and systems for the prevention and control of solid waste pollution are stipulated in the Law on the Prevention and Control of Waste Pollution, the Measures for the Management of Municipal Solid Waste and the Law on the Promotion of Circular Economy. There is still a lack of a specific and perfect legal system to prevent and control the pollution caused by "white waste".
Therefore, through this article, starting from the definition and classification of "white garbage", the author analyzes the current situation of "white garbage" pollution and its prevention and control in China, and on this basis, analyzes the relevant legal system in China, through drawing on the advanced experience of foreign countries, analyzes the necessity of improving the legal system of "white garbage" pollution prevention and control in China. Finally, it is proposed to establish a classification management system of "white garbage" in China, a compulsory recycling system, a levy system, a supervision and management system and a system of restricting production and consumption, so as to promote the legislative process of environmental protection and promote the development of environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.69

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