论我国城市生活垃圾分类收集法律制度的完善
发布时间：2018-10-08 17:48
【摘要】： 我国城市正面临垃圾围城的困境。但在垃圾处理上,垃圾填埋无充足用地、焚烧厂选址难。欲解决当下的难题,要将城市生活垃圾资源化,前置性的步骤是要把垃圾分类收集。但目前我国在垃圾的分类方面存在城市生活垃圾分类标准不统一、分类标准执行不到位、《城市生活垃圾分类及其评价标准》不符合实际、垃圾收费制度标准僵化且不合理、居民欠缺垃圾分类常识等问题。在城市生活垃圾收集方面存在垃圾基本上是混合收集、垃圾收集箱颜色不统一、垃圾袋装化收运的弊端、垃圾收运设施装备不合理和厨余垃圾处理难等问题。在城市生活垃圾分类收集管理上存在缺乏有效的监督和竞争机制、垃圾处理缺乏资金支持、对违规者缺乏劝教和处罚制度等问题。因此,应在垃圾分类方面统一垃圾分类标准、统一垃圾的分类标志和收集箱颜色、统一公共场所与居民楼房垃圾分类标准、制定垃圾计量收费制度和规范垃圾袋制造标准。在城市生活垃圾收集方面应制定相关制度推行垃圾运输的专业化和厨余垃圾粉碎的污水预先处理。在城市生活垃圾分类收集管理制度上,应施行延伸押金返还制度、建立适应城市生活垃圾分类收集管理需要的法律制度、实行垃圾预处理产业私营化、推行赏罚结合、加大垃圾分类宣传、确立物业协助保障制度、建立健全考核评估制度、制定环境教育制度和制定严厉的处罚制度。
[Abstract]:Chinese cities are facing the plight of garbage siege. However, in waste disposal, there is not enough land for landfill, so it is difficult to locate incinerators. In order to solve the problem, the leading step is to separate the municipal solid waste. However, at present, the classification standard of municipal solid waste in China is not uniform, the standard of classification is not in place, the classification and evaluation standard of municipal solid waste is not in line with the reality, and the standard of garbage charging system is rigid and unreasonable. Residents lack common sense of garbage classification and other problems. In the aspect of municipal solid waste collection, garbage is basically mixed collection, the color of garbage collection box is not uniform, the malpractice of garbage collection and transportation in bags, the unreasonable equipment of garbage collection and transportation facilities and the difficulty in handling kitchen waste, etc. There are some problems such as the lack of effective supervision and competition mechanism, the lack of financial support for garbage disposal, the lack of persuasion and punishment system for offenders in the management of classified collection and management of municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, it is necessary to unify the classification standard of garbage, the classification marks and the color of collecting bins, the classification standard of garbage in public places and residential buildings, the system of waste metering and charging and the standard of making garbage bags. In the aspect of municipal solid waste collection, the related system should be established to promote the specialization of garbage transportation and the pre-treatment of waste water from kitchen waste. In the management system of classified collection of municipal solid waste, the extended deposit return system should be implemented, the legal system should be established to meet the needs of classified collection and management of municipal solid waste, the industry of waste pretreatment should be privatized, and the combination of rewards and punishments should be implemented. The classification publicity of garbage should be strengthened, the system of property assistance should be established, the system of assessment and assessment should be established, the system of environmental education should be established and the system of severe punishment should be established.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68
本文编号：2257703
[Abstract]:Chinese cities are facing the plight of garbage siege. However, in waste disposal, there is not enough land for landfill, so it is difficult to locate incinerators. In order to solve the problem, the leading step is to separate the municipal solid waste. However, at present, the classification standard of municipal solid waste in China is not uniform, the standard of classification is not in place, the classification and evaluation standard of municipal solid waste is not in line with the reality, and the standard of garbage charging system is rigid and unreasonable. Residents lack common sense of garbage classification and other problems. In the aspect of municipal solid waste collection, garbage is basically mixed collection, the color of garbage collection box is not uniform, the malpractice of garbage collection and transportation in bags, the unreasonable equipment of garbage collection and transportation facilities and the difficulty in handling kitchen waste, etc. There are some problems such as the lack of effective supervision and competition mechanism, the lack of financial support for garbage disposal, the lack of persuasion and punishment system for offenders in the management of classified collection and management of municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, it is necessary to unify the classification standard of garbage, the classification marks and the color of collecting bins, the classification standard of garbage in public places and residential buildings, the system of waste metering and charging and the standard of making garbage bags. In the aspect of municipal solid waste collection, the related system should be established to promote the specialization of garbage transportation and the pre-treatment of waste water from kitchen waste. In the management system of classified collection of municipal solid waste, the extended deposit return system should be implemented, the legal system should be established to meet the needs of classified collection and management of municipal solid waste, the industry of waste pretreatment should be privatized, and the combination of rewards and punishments should be implemented. The classification publicity of garbage should be strengthened, the system of property assistance should be established, the system of assessment and assessment should be established, the system of environmental education should be established and the system of severe punishment should be established.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张晓天;刘思敏;魏伦;;从垃圾分类处理探究中日两国环保管理制度的差异中日两国垃圾分类处理制度比较——以北京和东京为例[J];黑龙江科技信息;2013年17期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 马鸿庆;城市固体废物管理法律问题研究[D];中央民族大学;2011年
2 陈琼;广州市城市生活垃圾分类管理政策研究[D];电子科技大学;2013年
，本文编号：2257703
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