能源法立法研究

发布时间：2019-01-26 16:07

【摘要】： 能源是人类生存、社会发展的基本条件,是世界经济的命脉,也是影响国家安全的重要因素。能源问题是全人类共同关心的话题。目前,全世界的能源短缺和安全问题日益凸显,世界能源消费结构不合理,能源的过度消耗,不仅威胁着脆弱的能源安全体系,也严重影响着整个地球的生态环境。如今,越来越多的国家青睐于可再生能源的发展,保护环境,并大力推行节能降耗技术,以应对常规能源的日益将近枯竭的以及利用常规能源所带来的生态危机现状。西方国家于1973年爆发了第三次石油危机以后,许多国家加快了能源立法的进程,制定单性法规、能源法规汇编、制定能源法。到了二十一世纪前后,世界能源立法进入了一个新高潮。通过能源立法,达到保护环境、提高能源效率、发展新能源、推进可再生能源和提升国家能源管理机制。我国的能源现状已经日益严峻,能源供应紧张的局面将长期影响我国经济与社会的发展,常规石化能源对中国经济社会发展产生极大制约,同时对常规石化能源的利用也将受到环境容量的严重限制。基于国内外能源现状,要解决我国的能源问题就必须“能源发展,立法先行”。我国能源立法与西方发达国家相比,起步较晚,进展也慢。作为世界第二大能源生产国和消费国,我国需要制定一部符合我国现状的能源基本法,以法律的形式来保障能源安全、提高能源效率、强化能源环保,以实现可持续发展。本文拟以采用马克思主义辩证唯物论和历史唯物论作为总的指导思想和基本的方法论。在此基本原理和方法论的指导下,具体运用本质分析的方法、比较分析的方法、理论联系实际的方法、个案分析的方法,并结合其他学科可资借鉴的方法和最新的成果进行研究。本文结合我国能源法的立法最新现状,从介绍能源的概念、能源的发展历史入手,分析世界能源现状和各国能源立法情况,着重介绍了美国和日本的能源政策法律法规,在此基础上结合我国能源法立法现状,深入分析我国能源法律法规的现状及不足,从能源基本法立法的宗旨、原则、制度、实施以及法律责任等各方面,提出对我国能源基本法立法的思考,以期对我国能源法律的建设尽自己的微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Energy is the basic condition for human survival and social development, the lifeblood of the world economy, and an important factor affecting national security. The issue of energy is a common concern of all mankind. At present, the energy shortage and security problems in the world are increasingly prominent. The irrational structure of world energy consumption and the excessive consumption of energy not only threaten the fragile energy security system, but also seriously affect the ecological environment of the whole earth. Nowadays, more and more countries favor the development of renewable energy, the protection of the environment, and vigorously promote energy saving and consumption reduction technology, to cope with the growing depletion of conventional energy and the ecological crisis brought about by the use of conventional energy. After the third oil crisis broke out in the western countries in 1973, many countries quickened the process of energy legislation, made single laws, compiled energy laws, and formulated energy laws. By the 21 century or so, the world's energy legislation entered a new climax. Through energy legislation to protect the environment, improve energy efficiency, develop new energy, promote renewable energy and improve the national energy management mechanism. The energy situation in our country has become increasingly severe. The tight energy supply will affect the economic and social development of our country for a long time, and the conventional petrochemical energy will greatly restrict the economic and social development of China. At the same time, the use of conventional fossil energy will also be severely limited by environmental capacity. Based on the domestic and foreign energy situation, to solve our energy problems, we must "energy development, legislation first". Compared with the western developed countries, China's energy legislation started late and made slow progress. As the second largest energy producer and consumer in the world, China needs to draw up a basic law of energy which accords with the present situation of our country, which can guarantee energy security, improve energy efficiency and strengthen energy environment protection in order to realize sustainable development. This paper adopts Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the general guiding ideology and basic methodology. Under the guidance of this basic principle and methodology, the method of essence analysis, the method of comparative analysis, the method of integrating theory with practice, the method of case analysis, And combined with other disciplines can be used for reference methods and the latest results of the study. Based on the latest legislative situation of energy law in China, this paper introduces the concept of energy and the history of energy development, analyzes the current situation of energy in the world and the energy legislation of various countries, and emphatically introduces the laws and regulations of energy policies and regulations of the United States and Japan. On this basis, combined with the current situation of China's energy law legislation, the current situation and shortcomings of China's energy laws and regulations are analyzed in depth, from the purposes, principles, systems, implementation and legal responsibilities of the basic energy law legislation, and so on. This paper puts forward some thoughts on the legislation of energy basic law of our country, in order to do our own meager contribution to the construction of energy law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.6

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