我国农村能源立法研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 21:15

【摘要】： 在发展中国家里,城市的能源供应往往优先于农村。农村地区的能源供应主要依赖于当地的自然资源。而农村居民人口众多,在经济逐步发展导致用能需求的不断扩张与当地能源供应的不足成为日益严峻的矛盾。在我国目前制约农村能源建设的众多因素中,农村能源法律体系及其内容的不完善起着主要的消极作用。因此,对农村能源立法的研究成了我国推进农村能源发展的首要任务。对农村能源进行立法必要性主要体现于它有利于保障我国能源安全,解决能源公平问题,发展农村经济,促进农村社会进步,保护和改善农村环境,以及有效地解决农村能源立法自身存在的欠缺。同时,我国对农村能源进行立法是有基础的。其基础主要包括三个方面:理论基础、产业基础和政策基础。接着,论文确立了我国农村能源立法原则鼓励支持、可持续发展、奖惩结合及平衡发展等四项原则。在分析了农村能源立法必要性、立法基础及确立立法原则的基础上,论文提出应从基本概念、基本结构、基本制度、行政管理部门等四个方面构建《农村能源法》。对于基本概念,论文从学术定义和法律定义展开,选择了界定方式,确定了能源范围,并指出三个概念应在立法中予以体现。论文从已有法规及基本概念确定《农村能源法》的基本内容,并据此提出了该法的基本结构。论文确立了该法应设置生产许可证制度、节能质量认证制度、重点工程审批制度等七项基本制度。论文从我国能源机构变革出发,提出了当前能源机构变革的设想及农村能源行政管理体制。最后,论文提出应从农村能源基本法、配套法规两个层次构建我国农村能源法律体系,并指出应对《矿产资源法》、《水法》等法律法规进行修行。
[Abstract]:In developing countries, urban energy supplies tend to take precedence over rural areas. Energy supply in rural areas is largely dependent on local natural resources. However, the population of rural residents is large, which leads to the continuous expansion of energy demand and the shortage of local energy supply in the gradual development of the economy. Among the many factors restricting the construction of rural energy in China, the legal system of rural energy and the imperfection of its contents play a major negative role. Therefore, the study of rural energy legislation has become the primary task to promote the development of rural energy in China. The necessity of legislation on rural energy is mainly reflected in its benefits to safeguard energy security in our country, solve the problem of energy equity, develop rural economy, promote rural social progress, and protect and improve the rural environment. And effectively solve the lack of rural energy legislation itself. At the same time, our country carries on the legislation to the rural energy has the foundation. Its foundation mainly includes three aspects: theoretical foundation, industrial foundation and policy foundation. Then, the paper establishes four principles: encouragement and support, sustainable development, combination of rewards and punishment, and balanced development of China's rural energy legislation. Based on the analysis of the necessity of rural energy legislation, the basis of legislation and the establishment of legislative principles, the paper puts forward that the Rural Energy Law should be constructed from four aspects: basic concept, basic structure, basic system and administrative department. As for the basic concept, the paper starts from the academic definition and the legal definition, chooses the defining way, determines the energy scope, and points out that the three concepts should be embodied in the legislation. In this paper, the basic contents of the Rural Energy Law are determined from the existing laws and basic concepts, and the basic structure of the Law is put forward. Seven basic systems, such as production license system, energy-saving quality certification system and key engineering approval system, are established in this law. Based on the reform of energy organization in our country, this paper puts forward the idea of the reform of energy institution and the administrative system of energy in rural areas. Finally, the paper puts forward that we should construct the legal system of rural energy in China from two levels: the basic Law of Rural Energy and the supporting laws and regulations, and points out that the laws and regulations such as Mineral Resources Law, Water Law and other laws and regulations should be amended.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.67;F323.214

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