同性伴侣结合立法模式及其对中国立法的启示

发布时间：2018-01-12 17:17

本文关键词：同性伴侣结合立法模式及其对中国立法的启示　出处：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,同性恋者的人权保障得到了大跨步的发展,许多欧美国家相继制定了同性伴侣结合的相关法律制度。由于一国政治、经济与文化的特殊性,各国所采用的同性结合立法模式不尽相同。但主流的立法模式有三类,即美国加州式已登记伴侣制度、法国式民事互助契约制度以及荷兰式同性婚姻制度。反观中国,至今没有同性伴侣结合相关的法律出台。为加快保障同性恋群体合法权益的步伐,顺应国际同性恋立法的历史潮流,积极借鉴外国先进立法经验应成为推动我国同性恋立法的重要方略。通过对这三种同性伴侣结合立法模式的分析与比较,探究它们的立法背景、发展沿革以及未来前景,总结出它们各自的优点、缺点及共同特征,再结合中国特殊的历史人文特征与具体国情,本人认为美国加州式已登记伴侣立法模式于当下的中国最为契合,是最值得我们借鉴的一种立法模式。但一项法律的制定与有效实施受多种因素影响。客观而言,现阶段的中国在短期内制定与同性结合相关的法律制度的可能性不大。如此,在我国与同性恋相关的案件无法可依的状态将会保持相当长的一段时间,我们也将长期面临这样一种困境:如何处理涉外同性结合法律关系的承认问题。根据承认同同性结合关系国家的相关法律实践以及基于我国的立法现状,本文认为通过合理利用公共秩序保留的法律原则,以及直接修订现有的《涉外民事关系法律适用法》方式来应对当下涉外同性结合的法律适用问题是当务之急。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, the human rights protection of homosexuals has been greatly developed, many European and American countries have formulated the related legal system of same-sex couples. Because of the political, economic and cultural particularity of one country. The legislative models of same-sex union are different in different countries, but there are three kinds of mainstream legislative models, that is, the California registered partner system. French civil mutual aid contract system and Dutch same-sex marriage system. On the other hand, there are no laws on same-sex couples in China so far. In order to accelerate the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the gay community. In keeping with the historical trend of international gay legislation, actively learning from foreign advanced legislative experience should be an important strategy to promote gay legislation in China. Through the analysis and comparison of the three kinds of same-sex couples combined legislative model. Explore their legislative background, development history and future prospects, summed up their respective strengths, weaknesses and common characteristics, and then combined with China's special historical and humanistic characteristics and specific national conditions. I think the Californian registered partner legislation model is most suitable in the current China. Is the most worthy of our reference of a legislative model. But the formulation and effective implementation of a law is affected by many factors. Objectively speaking. At this stage, it is unlikely that China will establish a legal system related to same-sex unions in the short term. Thus, the state of being unable to follow in our country's cases relating to homosexuality will be maintained for quite a long time. We will also be faced with such a dilemma for a long time: how to deal with the foreign same-sex union legal relationship recognition, according to the recognition of same-sex union of the country's relevant legal practice and based on the status quo of legislation in China. This paper holds that it is urgent to use the legal principle of public order reservation reasonably and to directly revise the existing law applicable to civil relations concerning foreign affairs in order to deal with the problem of the legal application of foreign same-sex union at present.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D913.9

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