中西古代亲属制度比较研究——兼论当代中国亲属制度的建构

发布时间：2018-02-28 21:17

本文关键词： 中西古代亲属制度传统与演变比较研究　出处：《南京大学学报(哲学.人文科学.社会科学版)》2010年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国古代亲属制度的类别划分是建立在宗亲和外亲两大范畴的基础上,表示亲属关系远近的制度是服制,自然血缘同等的亲属在亲属制度上居于不同的等级。在古代西方,无论罗马法还是教会法,其衡量亲属关系亲疏远近的法则都是纯粹的自然血亲标准,父系亲属与母系亲属平等。在日耳曼亲等计算法中,父系与母系也平等。形成中西古代亲属制度差异的原因是多方面的,既有早期中西社会形成特点的制约、社会经济发展的作用,也有源自哲学思想与宗教等诸多因素的影响。在中国,上世纪30年代南京民国政府颁行的民法《亲属编》建立了较为系统的亲属制度,一直适用至中华人民共和国成立,至今仍在我国台湾地区适用。解放后我们制定的两部《婚姻法》中都没有系统规定亲属制度,在亲等计算上则选用传统与现代相结合的世代计算法,但它欠精确,不能准确反映亲属间的亲疏远近关系。因此,在今日中国,亲属制度的重建已经成为立法者不能回避的责任。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, the classification of kinship system was based on the category of kinship and foreign kinship. The system that indicated that the kinship relation was far and near was the service system, and the natural relatives of the same blood were in different levels in the kinship system. Whether in Roman law or church law, the rules that measure the distance and proximity of kinship are purely natural kinship standards, in which paternal relatives are equal to matrilineal relatives. In Germanic calculations, Patriarchal and matrilineal lines are also equal. There are many reasons for the differences in the ancient kinship system between China and the West. There are constraints on the forming characteristics of the early Chinese and Western societies, as well as the role of social and economic development. In -70s, the civil law promulgated by the government of the Republic of Nanjing in Nanjing established a relatively systematic system of kinship, which was applied to the founding of the people's Republic of China until the founding of the people's Republic of China. It is still applicable in the Taiwan area of our country. Neither of the two "Marriage laws" that we formulated after liberation has a systematic stipulation on the system of kinship, and the traditional and modern generation calculation method is used in the calculation of relatives, but it is not accurate enough. Therefore, in today's China, the reconstruction of the kinship system has become a responsibility that legislators cannot evade.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学民商经济法学院;
【基金】：司法部2008年项目(08SFB2011)
【分类号】：D929

【共引文献】