护理本科生法律课程设置与法律知识需求的调查研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 10:42

【摘要】： 研究目的通过对中外护理本科生法律课程设置的比较研究和我国护理本科生法律课程设置的理论研究,提出符合我国护理教育特色的护理专业本科生法律课程设置的整改方案,为培养具有法律知识的护理本科生提供基础和保障。通过对我国护理本科生法律知识认知水平的调查分析和法律知识需求的调查研究,构建满足社会需求、规范合理的高等护理专业法律教科书的目录提纲,为护理专业本科生法律教科书的出版提供依据和大纲。研究对象护理本科生法律课程设置的现状:随机选取我国七个地区的14所被中国教育部高教司收录的护理本科院校及香港、澳门、台湾4所公立大学护理学院的法律课程设置;随机选取美国四大地区的8所经过美国高等护理教育学会认证的护理本科院校及德国、日本、英国、澳大利亚等发达国家8所重点大学护理学院的法律课程设置。护理本科生法律课程设置的看法及建议,护理本科生法律知识的需求:选取中国协和医科大学、中国人民解放军第二军医大学、山西医科大学3所大学最后一年进入生产实习的护理本科生(简称“本科护生”)334人,其中女324人,男10人;平均年龄22岁;选取北京协和医院、中国人民解放军第二军医大学长海医院、山西医科大学第一医院3所医院临床工作1年以上并取得护士执业证书的护理本科生(简称“本科护士”)412人,其中女402人,男10人;平均年龄27岁。研究方法本课题采用文献回顾法、问卷调查法等定性与定量分析相结合的方法进行横向比较研究,对中外护理本科生法律课程设置的现状进行现象学研究,对我国护理本科生法律课程设置及法律知识需求的看法进行比较研究。回收有效问卷,进行统一编码,将数据录入计算机,运用SPSS 11.5 for Windows软件进行统计分析。统计方法有χ2检验,秩和检验,多选题分析。研究结果 1.国内外护理本科院校开设相关法律课程的名称各不相同,开课时间大都在第1、2学年,为必修课。国外护理本科生法律课程的平均学时数为60.8个课时,主要授课方式是案例分析,即以实践讲授为主;我国护理本科生法律课程的平均学时数为24.4个课时,主要授课方式是课本讲授与幻灯片讲授,即以理论讲授为主。我国70%以上的护理本科生认为相关法律课程应该设置为“必修课”,课程名称应该称作“护理与法”,开课时间应该在“第3学年”,学时数应该“大于36个课时”,主要授课方式应该是“案例分析”。 2.96%的护理本科生认为护理立法“很重要”,“很需要”掌握相关的法律知识,对以前所学法律知识的掌握程度是“了解”,在临床工作中“很少发生”护理差错事故,当发生差错事故时“很少知道”怎么处理。本科护生比本科护士更加认为护理立法很重要,本科护生比本科护士对法律知识的需求更强烈,本科护生比本科护士更容易发生护理差错事故,本科护士比本科护生对法律知识的掌握程度更好,本科护士比本科护生更了解护理差错事故的处理办法。本科护生获得相关法律知识的主要途径是“学校”,知识欠缺的主要原因是“法律课程安排不合理”。本科护士获得相关法律知识的主要途径是“自学”,知识欠缺的主要原因是“相关法律书籍不多”和“医院继续教育不够”。 3. 80%的护理本科生认为最需要的基础法律知识是《劳动法和社会保障法》、《民法》、《婚姻家庭法和继承法》。最需要的相关卫生法律法规知识是《护士管理办法》、《护理过失、护理纠纷》、《护理工作中病人权利侵犯与保护》、《护理操作规程》、《护士工作制度、护士职责》。最需要的国际相关法律知识是《国际护士会伦理法典》。研究结论 1.初步提出我国护理本科生法律课程设置的整改方案:课程名称“护理与法”,开课时间“第3学年”,开课形式“必修课”,学时数“大于36个学时”,主要授课方式“案例分析”。 2.建议不同阶段我国护理本科生法律意识的培养模式为:“分段施教、梯度培训”,建议我国护理本科生法律课程的施教模式为:“CBR+PBL”教学(即“基于案例推理的问题式学习”);同时注重“校本培训”,发展具有“双师”角色的护理专业法律师资。 3.初步提出我国护理本科生法律课程专用教科书的目录提纲:①基础法律知识:《劳动法和社会保障法》、《民法》、《婚姻家庭法和继承法》、《诉讼法》、《知识产权法》、《宪法》、《刑法》;②相关卫生法律法规知识:《护理过失、护理纠纷》、《护理操作规程》、《护士工作制度、护士职责》、《护理工作中病人权利侵犯与保护》、《护士管理办法》、《医疗责任保险法》、《医院感染管理办法》、《临床输血技术规范》、《传染病防治法》、《医患法律关系》、《医务人员医德规范及实施办法》、《消毒管理办法》、《病例书写基本规范》、《一次性使用无菌医疗器械监督管理办法》、《医疗事故处理条例》、《医患双方的权利和义务》、《举证责任倒置》;③国际相关法律知识:《国际护士会伦理法典》、《美国护士学会护士守则》。
[Abstract]:research objective
Based on the comparative study of law courses offered by nursing undergraduates at home and abroad and the theoretical study of law courses offered by nursing undergraduates at home, a reform plan of law courses offered by nursing undergraduates in accordance with the characteristics of nursing education in China was put forward to provide the basis and guarantee for training nursing undergraduates with legal knowledge.
By investigating and analyzing the cognition level of law knowledge and the demand of law knowledge of nursing undergraduates in China, the catalogue outline of law textbooks for nursing undergraduates was constructed to meet the needs of society and to standardize and rationalize the contents of law textbooks for nursing undergraduates.
Research object
Current situation of law curriculum for nursing undergraduates: 14 nursing undergraduate colleges and universities enrolled by the Department of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education of China and 4 nursing schools of public universities in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were randomly selected; 8 nursing books certified by the American Association of Higher Nursing Education in four major regions were randomly selected. The law courses offered in the nursing schools of 8 key universities in developed countries such as Germany, Japan, Britain and Australia.
The opinions and suggestions of law curriculum for undergraduate nursing students and the needs of law knowledge for undergraduate nursing students were as follows: 334 undergraduate nursing students (abbreviated as "undergraduate nursing students") were selected from China Union Medical University, the Second Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and three universities of Shanxi Medical University in their last year of production practice, including 324 women and 10 men. The average age was 22 years. 412 nursing undergraduates (abbreviated as "undergraduate nurses") who had worked for more than one year in three hospitals of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, were selected, including 402 women and 10 men, with an average age of 27 years.
research method
In this study, the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey and other qualitative and quantitative analysis were used to conduct a horizontal comparative study. Phenomenological research was carried out on the current situation of law curriculum for nursing undergraduates at home and abroad, and a comparative study was conducted on the views of law curriculum and legal knowledge needs of nursing undergraduates in China.
The valid questionnaires were retrieved and uniformly encoded. The data were input into the computer and analyzed by SPSS 11.5 for Windows software. The statistical methods included_2 test, rank sum test and multiple choice analysis.
Research results
1. The names of relevant legal courses offered by nursing undergraduate colleges and universities at home and abroad are different, and the courses are mostly compulsory in the first and second academic years. More than 70% of nursing undergraduates in China believe that the relevant law courses should be set up as "compulsory courses". The title of the courses should be called "nursing and law". The teaching time should be in the "third school year" and the number of classes should be "more than 36 courses". The main way of teaching should be "case analysis".
2.96% of the nursing undergraduates thought that nursing legislation was "very important", "very necessary" to master the relevant legal knowledge, the degree of grasping the previous legal knowledge was "understanding". In clinical work, "very few" nursing errors occurred, and "very little" to know how to deal with them when the errors occurred. The undergraduate nursing students were more than the undergraduate nurses. Undergraduate nurses are more likely to have nursing errors than undergraduate nurses. Undergraduate nurses have a better grasp of legal knowledge than undergraduate nurses. Undergraduate nurses know better how to handle nursing errors than undergraduate nurses. The main way to acquire relevant legal knowledge is "school". The main reason for the lack of knowledge is "unreasonable arrangement of legal courses". The main way for undergraduate nurses to acquire relevant legal knowledge is "self-study". The main reason for the lack of knowledge is "lack of relevant legal books" and "insufficient continuing education in hospitals".
3.80% of nursing undergraduates thought that the basic legal knowledge they needed most was Labor Law and Social Security Law, Civil Law, Marriage and Family Law and Inheritance Law. The international legal system of the international nurses union is the most relevant international legal knowledge.
research conclusion
1. Preliminary proposals were put forward for the reform of the law curriculum for nursing undergraduates in China: the name of the course "Nursing and Law", the opening time of the course "the third academic year", the form of the course "compulsory course", the number of hours "more than 36 academic hours" and the main teaching method "case analysis".
2. It is suggested that the training mode of law consciousness of nursing undergraduates in different stages in China should be "teaching by stages and gradient training". It is suggested that the teaching mode of law course for nursing undergraduates in China should be "CBR + PBL" teaching (that is, "case-based reasoning problem-based learning"); at the same time, "school-based training" should be emphasized to develop nursing with the role of "double teachers". Professional law teachers.
3. A preliminary outline of the catalogue of the law textbooks for undergraduate nursing students in China was put forward as follows: (1) Basic legal knowledge: < Labor Law and Social Security Law,< Civil Law,< Marriage and Family Law and Inheritance Law,< Procedural Law,< Intellectual Property Law,< Constitution,< Criminal Law,>; (2) Related knowledge of health laws and regulations: < Nursing Fault, Nursing Dispute,< Nursing Operating Rules >. Nurse work system, nurse duty, infringement and protection of patients'rights in nursing work, management measures of nurses, medical liability insurance law, management measures of nosocomial infection, technical specifications of clinical blood transfusion, prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, legal relationship between doctors and patients, medical ethics norms and implementation methods of medical staff, disinfection management methods, and case writing Basic Specifications >, < Regulations on the Supervision and Management of Disposable Sterile Medical Devices >, < Regulations on the Handling of Medical Accidents >, < Rights and Duties of Doctors and Patients >, < Inversion of the Burden of Proof >; and < Code of Ethics of the International Nurses Association >, < Code of Nurses of the American Nurses Association >.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R47-4

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