我国夫妻共同债务认定问题探究

发布时间：2018-10-11 15:00

【摘要】：在社会主义市场经济蓬勃发展的今天,夫妻一方或双方为自己或共同目的,投入到生产、经营等经济活动中,由此产生的举债负债现象也日趋普遍。与此相对应的,在司法实践中,尤其是涉及到离婚诉讼的案件之中,有关夫妻债务问题也日益呈现出复杂化、多样化等特点。在如今司法实践中。对于同类案件,法官在对于法律的适用以及裁判思路上却存在很大的不同,导致诸多“同案不同判”的案件的发生,特别是在有关夫妻离婚案件之中,常常会涉及到系争债务应作何处理的问题,应该如何平衡保护非举债方与债权人利益已成为案件审判中的一大难点。另外,由于现行婚姻法及司法解释共同债务认定标准的不统一,举证责任分配的不合理,也导致实践中诉讼当事人的合法权益得不到有效保障。究其原因,归根结底在于对现有立法理念之精神未予以澄清。在婚姻家庭中,为“家庭共同生活”之目的而向第三人举债的,是为满足家庭共同生活之所需这也是夫妻共同债务的本质特征。对于我国夫妻共同债务的认定,在认定标准方面,应采实质主义;于价值理念考量,应以实现婚姻家庭利益与社会利益的和谐统一为旨意与依归;论具体内容而言,应明确所负债务用于“家庭共同生活”之具体界限。同时,在举证责任分配与承担方面,要做到公平分配证明责任,以寻求平衡保护夫妻双方利益与债权人利益之目的。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of socialist market economy, one or both husband and wife invest in economic activities such as production and management for their own or common purpose. The phenomenon of borrowing debt is becoming more and more common. Correspondingly, in the judicial practice, especially in the cases involving divorce proceedings, the problem of husband and wife debt has become more and more complicated and diversified. In today's judicial practice. For similar cases, the judges have great differences in the application of the law and the thinking of judgment, which leads to the occurrence of many cases of "different judgments in the same case", especially in the divorce cases concerning the husband and wife. The problem of how to deal with debt disputes and how to balance the interests of non-creditors and creditors has become a major difficulty in the trial of cases. In addition, due to the disunity of the existing marriage law and judicial interpretation of the common debt identification standard, and the unreasonable distribution of the burden of proof, the legal rights and interests of the litigants are not effectively protected in practice. In the final analysis, the reason is that the spirit of the existing legislative ideas has not been clarified. In marriage and family, borrowing from a third person for the purpose of "family living together" is to satisfy the needs of the family living together which is also the essential feature of the common debt of husband and wife. Regarding our country husband and wife common debt confirmation, in the aspect of the determination standard, should adopt the essentialism; in the value idea consideration, should take realizes the marriage family benefit and the social interest harmonious unification as the will and the result; discusses the concrete content, The specific boundaries of the debt used for "family living together" should be clearly defined. At the same time, the burden of proof should be distributed fairly in order to balance the interests of both spouses and creditors.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.9

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