探析行政合同性质及救济制度设想

发布时间：2018-04-20 00:27

本文选题：行政合同 + 第三法域　；参考：《云南财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政合同在我国的出现并不是自建国以来便有的，即使到现在，它的存在与发展仍然伴随着一些难以解决的问题。曾经有些人认为它的性质应属民法范畴，因此对它的研究归置在私法领域；而有些学者着重于“行政”二字，将其定位于公法领域。但是无论采取何种理解似乎都对行政合同的理解都有些偏颇，不能涵盖所有特征，并且随着政治的变迁，民主主义的思潮在中国大地的传播，以及国家保障、福利社会等新的政府管理手段的出现，，行政合同逐步跨入人民的视野并发挥着日益重要的作用。福利国家型社会保障模式源于英国,主要存在于北欧国家,在目前最具有代表性的国家是瑞典。由最初的慈善济贫行为到今天的政府行为,保障的内容也变得日益丰富,政府介入的规模也由小变大,逐渐由地区型变为中央型。行政合同在国家建设服务型社会中体现了对群众的尊重，对人民权利的注重。在相当长的一段时期内，行政合同在我国的运用出现了如雨后春笋般的形势。国有土地使用权出让合同，是由有关行政机关作为发包方，与承包方就国有工业企业承包经营中的权利义务问题进行约定的合同；公用征收补偿合同是行政机关为实现公共利益，征收行政相对人的财产并予以相应补偿而对相对人签订的合同。还有国家科研合同，国家定购合同，公共工程承包合同，计划生育合同等。农村土地承包合同是在我国出现最早的行政合同，虽然如此却没有一套专门或者具体的法律来做出由性质到救济途径的完善规定，只能在其遇到具体问题时由地方性法规和政府性规章来做出调整。行政合同的日趋普遍使越来越多的学者试图寻找一个合理切入点来解释行政合同，完善法律的指引作用，预测作用，并在发生纠纷时更及时的救济合同当事人。在以上所说的社会、法律大环境下，在公法与私法均不能单独并全面阐述行政合同的性质时，有人进而引入了“公法私法化”“私法公法化”等概念。尽管这些观点还未形成强而有力的体系，但由此可以看出，行政合同已经跨越了曾经的简单的公法，私法领域，与国家，社会的复杂政治形势相联系。所以，笔者大胆突破传统二元法律结构推测是否行政合同可以归属于第三法域，可以在社会法领域寻找突破？早期社会法以经济法和劳动法为代表，该学术概念的形成可追溯至19世纪70年代的德国。本文即是笔者尝试以社会法为基础，试图从第三法域之社会法下寻找行政合同新的救济思路，探求行政合同最佳救济方式。
[Abstract]:The emergence of administrative contract in our country is not since the founding of the people's Republic of China, even now, its existence and development are still accompanied by some difficult problems. Once upon a time, some people thought that its nature should belong to the scope of civil law, so the research on it was placed in the field of private law, while some scholars focused on the word "administration" and positioned it in the field of public law. However, no matter what kind of understanding is adopted, it seems that the understanding of administrative contracts is somewhat biased and does not cover all the characteristics, and with the change of politics, the spread of democratic thought in China, and the state guarantee, With the appearance of new government management means such as welfare society, the administrative contract is gradually stepping into the people's vision and playing an increasingly important role. The welfare-state social security model originated from the UK, mainly existed in the Nordic countries, and Sweden is the most representative country at present. From the initial charity to the present government behavior, the content of protection has become increasingly rich, the scale of government intervention has also changed from small to large, gradually from the regional type to the central type. The administrative contract embodies the respect for the masses and the attention to the rights of the people in the construction of a service-oriented society. In a long period of time, the application of administrative contract in our country has sprung up. A contract for the transfer of the right to use state-owned land is a contract whereby the relevant administrative organ acts as the contracting party and makes an agreement with the contractor on the rights and obligations in the contractual operation of state-owned industrial enterprises; The public expropriation compensation contract is a contract signed by the administrative organ to the relative party in order to realize the public interest, expropriate the property of the administrative counterpart and give the corresponding compensation. There are national scientific research contracts, national purchase contracts, public works contracts, family planning contracts. The rural land contract is the earliest administrative contract in our country, although there is no special or specific law to make the perfect regulation from nature to remedy. It can only be adjusted by local laws and government regulations when it encounters specific problems. With the increasing popularity of administrative contracts, more and more scholars try to find a reasonable starting point to explain the administrative contracts, perfect the guiding role of the law, predict the role, and more timely relief of the parties to the contract in the event of disputes. In the society and law environment mentioned above, when the nature of administrative contract can not be explained separately and comprehensively in public law and private law, some people have introduced the concepts of "private public law" and "private law". Although these views have not yet formed a strong and powerful system, it can be seen from this that administrative contracts have transcended the former simple fields of public law, private law and the complex political situation of the state and society. Therefore, the author boldly breaks through the traditional dual legal structure and speculates whether the administrative contract can be attributed to the third jurisdiction and can seek a breakthrough in the field of social law. The early social law, represented by economic law and labor law, dates back to Germany in the 1870s. In this paper, the author tries to find a new way of relief under the social law of the third jurisdiction in order to find the best relief way of the administrative contract.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D913

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