就业公平保障法律制度研究
发布时间：2018-07-23 11:42
【摘要】： 就业公平是一国就业问题当中最为重要的问题之一,它是否得到有效保障直接关系到劳动者的基本人权和社会公平能否得以实现,关系到社会能否得以和谐发展。但是,由于我国长期以来都过于关注宏观上的经济总量增长,而忽视了对于在这个经济增长过程中出现的,有关劳动者个体基本权利的就业公平问题的关注,它的直接后果就是导致实践当中的就业不公平行为愈演愈烈,而我国目前不论是在理论上还是在已有的立法当中却并未能对此给予适当的反映,本文就是在这一背景下对于就业公平当中可能涉及的一系列重要问题进行了系统而全面地研究。本文共分为七章,第一章是引言,其他章节具体内容如下: 第二章主要对就业公平的基本概念与原理进行了研究。本文认为,要搞清就业公平问题,首要地就是要界定什么是公平、就业以及就业公平,它决定了本文研究的基本范畴。因此本章第一节分别对这三个概念进行了分析。本文认为,公平是一种在充分尊重个人利益基础上的互利和谐的社会公平。而它的实现必须遵循三个基本原则,即应得、需要和平等原则;就业是一个比较广泛的概念,它既包括劳动者获得工作的行为,也包括获得工作之后的工作状态,就业也不仅限于企业的雇佣行为,而是包括所有的用人单位(含公共机构)的雇佣行为;对就业公平的认识则是建立在本文对公平和就业概念界定的基础之上,它是一种劳动者在就业领域符合公平理论之应得、需要和平等原则要求的基本人权。第二节对就业公平与就业自由与就业效率等相关概念及其关系进行了辨析,认为尽管自由与效率都很重要,但它们都只有在公平的基础上才能证明其合理性与必要性。 第三章主要论证了市场、政府和法治三大要素在保障就业公平方面的功能和所担任的角色。第一节首先介绍了市场失灵的基本理论,并在此基础上指出就业不公平行为是在市场状态下的一种必然行为,也是一种重要的市场失灵。然后本文又对市场本身是否具备自我消除就业不公平行为的功能进行了论证,认为市场功能有限,从而为本章第二节的主题——政府介入就业市场提供了一定的认识基础。但是,第二节在具体分析了政府可能扮演的角色之后,认为政府相对于市场来说尽管在保障就业公平方面具有特有的优势,但是政府保障也有缺陷,而且政府在很多时候甚至本身就是就业不公平的制造者。第三节建立在前两节的基础上,详细地论证了法治在保障就业公平方面的决定性作用,并对就业公平的法治保障当中应当注意的几个问题,包括雇主与劳动者的利益平衡问题、就业公平保障法的效用问题以及就业公平保障法的公平问题等进行了分析。
[Abstract]:Employment equity is one of the most important problems in the employment problem of a country. Whether it is effectively guaranteed or not has a direct bearing on whether the basic human rights of workers and social equity can be realized and whether the society can develop harmoniously. However, since our country has been paying too much attention to macro-economic growth for a long time, it has neglected to pay attention to the issue of employment equity related to the basic rights of workers in the process of economic growth. Its direct consequence is to cause the employment unfair behavior in practice to become more and more serious, but at present our country has not been able to give a proper reflection to this either in theory or in the existing legislation. In this context, this paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on a series of important issues that may be involved in employment equity. This paper is divided into seven chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the other chapters are as follows: the second chapter mainly studies the basic concepts and principles of employment equity. This paper holds that in order to find out the issue of employment equity, the most important thing is to define what is fair, employment and employment equity, which determines the basic category of this study. Therefore, the first section of this chapter analyzes the three concepts. This paper holds that fairness is a kind of social equity based on mutual benefit and harmony. And its realization must be based on three basic principles, namely, the principles of entitlement, need and equality; employment is a broader concept that encompasses both the behaviour of workers in obtaining a job and the state of work after obtaining a job. Employment is not only limited to the employment behavior of enterprises, but also includes the employment behavior of all employers (including public institutions). The understanding of employment equity is based on the definition of equity and employment in this paper. It is a kind of basic human rights that the workers in the field of employment accord with the fair theory, need and the principle of equality. In the second section, the author distinguishes and analyzes the related concepts of employment equity, employment freedom and employment efficiency, and points out that although freedom and efficiency are very important, they can only be proved to be reasonable and necessary on the basis of fairness. The third chapter mainly demonstrates the function and role of market, government and rule of law in ensuring employment equity. The first section introduces the basic theory of market failure and points out that the unfair behavior of employment is an inevitable behavior and an important market failure. Then this paper demonstrates whether the market itself has the function of self-eliminating the unfair behavior of employment, and thinks that the function of the market is limited, which provides a certain understanding basis for the theme of the second section of this chapter-the government's intervention in the employment market. However, the second section, after analyzing the possible role of the government in detail, believes that although the government has a unique advantage over the market in ensuring employment equity, it also has defects in government protection. And in many cases, the government is even itself a maker of job inequality. The third section, based on the first two sections, demonstrates in detail the decisive role of the rule of law in ensuring employment equity, and points out several issues that should be paid attention to in the legal protection of employment equity, including the balance of interests between employers and workers. The effectiveness of the Employment Equity Protection Law and the Employment Equity Protection Law are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D922.5
本文编号：2139301
[Abstract]:Employment equity is one of the most important problems in the employment problem of a country. Whether it is effectively guaranteed or not has a direct bearing on whether the basic human rights of workers and social equity can be realized and whether the society can develop harmoniously. However, since our country has been paying too much attention to macro-economic growth for a long time, it has neglected to pay attention to the issue of employment equity related to the basic rights of workers in the process of economic growth. Its direct consequence is to cause the employment unfair behavior in practice to become more and more serious, but at present our country has not been able to give a proper reflection to this either in theory or in the existing legislation. In this context, this paper makes a systematic and comprehensive study on a series of important issues that may be involved in employment equity. This paper is divided into seven chapters, the first chapter is the introduction, the other chapters are as follows: the second chapter mainly studies the basic concepts and principles of employment equity. This paper holds that in order to find out the issue of employment equity, the most important thing is to define what is fair, employment and employment equity, which determines the basic category of this study. Therefore, the first section of this chapter analyzes the three concepts. This paper holds that fairness is a kind of social equity based on mutual benefit and harmony. And its realization must be based on three basic principles, namely, the principles of entitlement, need and equality; employment is a broader concept that encompasses both the behaviour of workers in obtaining a job and the state of work after obtaining a job. Employment is not only limited to the employment behavior of enterprises, but also includes the employment behavior of all employers (including public institutions). The understanding of employment equity is based on the definition of equity and employment in this paper. It is a kind of basic human rights that the workers in the field of employment accord with the fair theory, need and the principle of equality. In the second section, the author distinguishes and analyzes the related concepts of employment equity, employment freedom and employment efficiency, and points out that although freedom and efficiency are very important, they can only be proved to be reasonable and necessary on the basis of fairness. The third chapter mainly demonstrates the function and role of market, government and rule of law in ensuring employment equity. The first section introduces the basic theory of market failure and points out that the unfair behavior of employment is an inevitable behavior and an important market failure. Then this paper demonstrates whether the market itself has the function of self-eliminating the unfair behavior of employment, and thinks that the function of the market is limited, which provides a certain understanding basis for the theme of the second section of this chapter-the government's intervention in the employment market. However, the second section, after analyzing the possible role of the government in detail, believes that although the government has a unique advantage over the market in ensuring employment equity, it also has defects in government protection. And in many cases, the government is even itself a maker of job inequality. The third section, based on the first two sections, demonstrates in detail the decisive role of the rule of law in ensuring employment equity, and points out several issues that should be paid attention to in the legal protection of employment equity, including the balance of interests between employers and workers. The effectiveness of the Employment Equity Protection Law and the Employment Equity Protection Law are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D922.5
【引证文献】
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